Table 4.

Characteristics of weight and height gain according to the studied variables among children (n = 106) aged 0 to 72 months living in southern Sao Paulo, Brazil, who attended a daily care service.

	Increment of WAZ at discharge				P	Increment of HAZ at discharge				P
	≤0 (n21)	0.01–0.50 (n44)	0.51–1.00 (n22)	>1.00 (n19)		≤0 (n21)	0.01–0.50 (n36)	0.51–1.00 (n28)	>1.00 (n21)
Age at admission (months), median *	17.4	17.5	20.9	24.2	0.527	10.8	21.4	23.2	19.1	0.338
Gender (% male) †	57.1	47.7	59.1	36.8	0.464	66.7	50.0	42.9	42.9	0.343
Duration of treatment (months), mean ‡	10.1	14.8	19.7	23.0	<0.001	9.2	12.9	22.2	21.7	0.957
Fetal development (% premature) †	20.0	18.4	25.0	29.4	0.811	21.1	25.9	20.0	21.1	0.957
Birth weight (kg), mean ‡	2.593	2.648	2.550	2.317	0.103	2.670	2.619	2.604	2.295	0.045
Small for gestational age (%) §	27.8	21.4	19.1	50.0	0.129	21.1	18.2	23.1	52.6	0.026
WAZ at admission, mean ‡	−2.04	−2.08	−2.49	−2.52	<0.001	−2.22	−2.07	−2.26	−2.51	0.041
HAZ at admission, mean ‡	−1.92	−1.91	−2.36	−2.26	0.061	−1.63	−1.78	−2.27	−2.71	<0.001
Frequent URTI (rate 10–3) *	55.3	26.2	44.1	33.4	0.011	22.9	36.8	37.3	39.3	0.226
Frequent LRTI (rate 10–3) *	5.8	2.4	1.3	0.5	0.857	1.8	3.7	1.3	1.7	0.712
Frequent diarrhoea (rate 10–3) §*	11.2	5.6	6.0	6.0	0.215	7.1	10.7	3.5	6.0	0.201
Maternal education (years), mean ‡	2.1	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.767	2.5	2.3	2.1	2.3	0.347
Family income (R$), median*	300	300	352	268	0.454	350	300	300	300	0.721

WAZ, weight-for-age Z-score; HAZ, height-for-age Z-score; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection;

^*Kruskal–Wallis test;

^†x² test;

^‡One-way ANOVA test for linear trend;

^§x² test for linear trend; Reprinted with permission from Public Health Nutr. [106].