Table 4.
Sociodemographic correlates of insomnia in overlapping subsamples defined by presence of nighttime symptoms1 (n = 6,791)
| DIS2 |
DMS2 |
EMA2 |
NRS2 |
χ2 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |||
| Age | ||||||||||
| 18–29 | 2.9* | (2.2–3.9) | 1.0 | (0.8–1.3) | 1.3 | (1.0–1.6) | 2.4* | (1.6–3.4) | ||
| 30–44 | 2.2* | (1.6–2.9) | 1.5* | (1.2–1.9) | 1.6* | (1.3–2.1) | 2.2* | (1.5–3.2) | ||
| 45–64 | 1.8* | (1.4–2.3) | 1.6* | (1.3–2.0) | 1.7* | (1.4–2.1) | 1.8* | (1.3–2.5) | ||
| 65+ | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | ||
| χ23 | 52.1* | 43.7* | 30.7* | 22.3* | 100.6** | |||||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Female | 1.6* | (1.4–1.9) | 1.6* | (1.4–1.8) | 1.3* | (1.2–1.5) | 1.7* | (1.4–2.0) | ||
| Male | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | ||
| χ21 | 42.8* | 61.4* | 17.7* | 34.3* | 12.0** | |||||
| Education | ||||||||||
| Less than high school | 1.6 | (1.0–2.7) | 1.3 | (0.9–2.0) | 1.2 | (0.8–1.9) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.8) | ||
| High school graduate | 1.5* | (1.3–1.8) | 1.2* | (1.0–1.3) | 1.3* | (1.2–1.5) | 1.2* | (1.0–1.5) | ||
| Some post–HS | 1.5* | (1.2–1.8) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.4) | 1.3* | (1.0–1.5) | 1.5* | (1.2–1.9) | ||
| College graduate | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | ||
| χ23 | 30.3* | 8.5* | 19.2* | 13.7* | 18.4** | |||||
| Employment status | ||||||||||
| Student | 1.0 | (0.7–1.4) | 0.8 | (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 | (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 | (0.5–1.2) | ||
| Homemaker | 0.9 | (0.7–1.3) | 0.9 | (0.7–1.2) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.4) | 0.9 | (0.6–1.3) | ||
| Retired | 1.6* | (1.2–2.2) | 1.4* | (1.1–1.7) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.5) | 1.3 | (0.9–1.8) | ||
| Disabled | 5.3* | (3.4–8.2) | 4.1* | (2.8–6.2) | 3.6* | (2.4–5.5) | 5.5* | (3.4–8.9) | ||
| Employed | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | ||
| Other | 2.0* | (1.5–2.6) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.6) | 1.2 | (0.9–1.6) | 1.6* | (1.2–2.3) | ||
| χ25 | 74.1* | 56.2* | 39.1* | 58.3* | 21.0 | |||||
| Work schedule | ||||||||||
| Evenings | 1.9* | (1.2–2.9) | 1.4 | (0.9–2.0) | 1.6* | (1.1–2.4) | 1.0 | (0.5–1.8) | ||
| Nights | 2.4* | (1.6–3.6) | 1.0 | (0.7–1.6) | 1.3 | (0.8–2.0) | 1.6 | (0.9–2.7) | ||
| Split Shifts | 1.3 | (0.7–2.4) | 1.2 | (0.7–2.1) | 1.3 | (0.8–2.2) | 1.6 | (0.8–3.1) | ||
| Rotating Shifts | 1.2 | (0.8–2.1) | 1.2 | (0.8–1.8) | 1.0 | (0.6–1.6) | 0.8 | (0.4–1.6) | ||
| Other | 1.5* | (1.1–2.0) | 1.2 | (1.0–1.5) | 1.0 | (0.8–1.3) | 1.1 | (0.8–1.6) | ||
| Days | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | 1.0 | – | ||
| χ25 | 31.5* | 5.4 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 24.6** | |||||
| χ217 | 219.7* | 172.8* | 115.1* | 128.7* | ||||||
*
Significant association with the insomnia symptom at the 0.05 level, 2–sided test.
**
Significant difference in the set of coefficients associated with the sociodemographic variable across the four equations at the 0.05 level, 2–sided test. The number of degrees of freedom associated with the χ2 tests are 9 for age, 3 for sex, 9 for education, 15 for employment status, and 15 for work schedule.
1
The overlapping subsamples represent respondents with insomnia who have the symptom in the column regardless of whether they also have any of the other 3 symptoms.