Glomerular basement membrane and podocyte alterations in mice with podocyte-specific stabilized Ctnnb1 expression. A–C, quantification of the basement membrane thickness of 8-week-old (A) and 20-week-old male (B) control (CTL) and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT mice and 8-week-old NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/FloxE3 mice (C). D–F, I, and J, gene expression analysis of isolated glomeruli of 8-week-old (D and I) and 20-week-old control and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT mice (E and J), and 8-week-old control and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/FloxE3 mice (F). Data are expressed as mean fold change ± S.D. *, p < 0.05. G and H, Col4a2 and Lamb1 immunostainings of 20-week-old control and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT mice. K, heat map showing the relative expression levels of podocyte marker genes in control (CTL), 20-week-old heterozygous NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT, and 8-week-old homozygous NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/FloxE3 mice. Red indicates increase of mRNA levels, and green indicates decrease in the mRNA levels. Each row represents the expression of one probe, and each column represents isolated glomeruli from a single animal. L, Nphs1 immunostaining of control, NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT, and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/FloxE3 mice. M, Western blot analysis for Wt1 of urine lysates of wild type and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT mice. N, Wt1-positive cells per glomeruli in 20-week-old control (CTL), NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/WT mice, 8-week-old control (CTL), and NPHS2Cre/Ctnnb1FloxE3/FloxE3 mice. O, number of TUNEL-positive cells per 100 glomerular cross-sections (n = 9 per group).