TABLE 4.

Relationship of glycemic index (GI) with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) after a 22-wk dietary intervention comparing a low-fat vegan diet to diets following the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), as determined by linear regression analysis (n = 99)

Variable	Unstandardized B	SE (B)	t	P
Model, F(12, 95) = 2.40, R2 = 0.26				0.01
Gender	−0.34	0.23	−1.51	0.14
Ethnicity, white vs. non-white	−0.12	0.24	−0.50	0.63
Age, y	0.01	0.01	0.50	0.62
Diet group assignment, vegan vs. ADA diet	−0.02	0.30	−0.07	0.94
Changes in energy intake,12kcal/d	0.0001	0.001	−0.29	0.73
Changes in GI1	0.01	0.02	0.98	0.33
Changes in carbohydrate,1g/d	0.002	0.01	0.39	0.70
Changes in total fat,1g/d	0.01	0.02	0.39	0.70
Changes in fiber,1g/d	−0.02	0.01	−1.41	0.16
Changes in alcohol intake,1g/d	0.03	0.02	1.14	0.26
Changes in physical activity,3 steps per day	−0.0001	0.0001	−1.61	0.11
Weight loss, kg	0.06	0.03	2.02	0.047

¹All dietary variables in the model are changes in intake from baseline to 22 wk (22 wk intake – baseline intake).

²1 kcal = 4.184 kJ.

³Physical activity (assessed using a pedometer) in the model is change in mean steps per day from baseline to 22 wk (22 wk mean steps per day – baseline mean steps per day).