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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nanomedicine. 2011 Feb 17;7(5):580–587. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.01.011

Figure 4. Response of calcum signaling in HUVECs in the presence of GNPs.

Figure 4

Serum-starved HUVECs were suspended in Ca2+ buffer containing Fura-2AM dye and were stimulated with VEGF165 (10ng/mL) that was preincubated with or without gold nanoparticles. The top panel (A) shows the effect of surface size of GNPs on VEGF signaling cascade. (B) Schematic of the GNPs with different surface charges. In panel (C), VEGF165 was preincubated with charge modified GNPs. Experiments were performed in triplicates.