Table 3.
Associations between Patient-level and Provider-level variables – Total Hip Arthroplasty
| REGION | SETTING | TEACHING | BED SIZE | SURGEON VOLUME |
HOSPITAL VOLUME |
HOSPITAL OWNERSHIP |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age:
Mean (SD) |
NE: 66.4 (13.0) MW: 66.2 (13.0) S: 65.1 (13.8) W: 65.9 (13.1) p < 0.0001 |
Urban: 65.51 (13.4) Rural: 68.0 (12.5) p < 0.0001 |
Non-teaching: 67.4 (12.8) Teaching: 64.1 (13.6) p < 0.0001 |
Small: 64.9 (13.4) Medium: 65.9 (13.2) Large: 66.0 (13.3) p < 0.0001 |
1-10: 68.0 (13.3) 11-21: 66.7 (12.9) 22-52: 65.3 (13.4) ≥ 53: 64.0 (13.0) Missing: 65.4 (13.4) p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 67.2 (13.1) 65-123: 66.5 (13.1) 124-224: 65.7 (13.3) ≥ 225: 63.7 (13.4) p < 0.0001 |
Government: 67.3 (12.9) Non-profit: 67.0 (12.9) For-profit: 66.3 (13.5) p = 0.0054 |
|
Gender
(% female) |
NE: 57.33% MW: 58.48% S: 57.33% W: 57.80% p = 0.2854 |
Urban: 57.62% Rural: 58.47% p = 0.2689 |
Non-teaching: 58.65% Teaching: 56.81% p = 0.0002 |
Small: 58.21% Medium: 58.04% Large: 57.50% p = 0.4951 |
1-10: 60.22% 11-21: 58.52% 22-52: 58.69% ≥ 53: 55.47% Missing: 56.59% p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 59.16% 65-123: 58.67% 124-224: 56.91% ≥ 225: 56.00% p < 0.0001 |
Government: 58.18% Non-profit: 58.47% For-profit: 58.62% p = 0.9540 |
|
Race
(% Black) |
NE: 4.45% MW: 5.49% S: 10.80% W: 4.60% p <0.0001 |
Urban: 7.23% Rural: 4.57% p < 0.0001 |
Non-teaching: 5.05% Teaching: 9.06% p < 0.0001 |
Small: 4.91% Medium: 7.50% Large: 7.25% p <0.0001 |
1-10: 9.76% 11-21: 5.89% 22-52: 7.67% ≥ 53: 5.49% Missing: 5.19% p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 7.12% 65-123: 6.70% 124-224: 5.18% ≥ 225: 7.38% p < 0.0001 |
Government: 9.85% Non-profit: 5.76% For-profit: 6.42% p <0.0001 |
|
Charlson
Score: mean (SD) |
NE: 0.33 (0.70) MW: 0.42 (0.76) S: 0.45 (0.81) W: 0.38 (0.77) p < 0.0001 |
Urban: 0.40 (0.77) Rural: 0.41 (0.76) p = 0.0503 |
Non-teaching: 0.42 (0.77) Teaching: 0.39 (0.77) p = 0.0006 |
Small: 0.32 (0.57) Medium: 0.38 (0.63) Large: 0.38 (0.62) p < 0.0001 |
1-10: 0.42 (0.65) 11-21: 0.36 (0.60) 22-52: 0.35 (0.60) ≥ 53: 0.34 (0.59) Missing: 0.37 (0.61) p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 0.39 (0.63) 65-123: 0.38 (0.62) 124-224: 0.36 (0.61) ≥ 225: 0.34 (0.59) p < 0.0001 |
Government: 0.45 (0.83) Non-profit: 0.43 (0.77) For-profit: 0.42 (0.79) p = 0.2878 |
|
Income
(% <$35,000) |
NE: 14.17% MW: 18.58% S: 28.63% W: 15.28% p <0.0001 |
Urban: 15.20% Rural: 42.08% p < 0.0001 |
Non-teaching: 22.38% Teaching: 14.49% p < 0.0001 |
Small: 16.50% Medium: 18.44% Large: 18.82% p < 0.0001 |
1-10: 9.76% 11-21: 5.89% 22-52: 7.67% ≥ 53: 5.49% Missing: 5.19% p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 7.12% 65-123: 6.70% 124-224: 5.18% ≥ 225: 7.38% p < 0.0001 |
Government: 24.27% Non-profit: 24.34% For-profit: 21.51% p = 0.0038 |
|
Insurance
Status (% Medicaid or dual) |
NE: 5.56% MW: 4.06% S: 5.36% W: 3.56% p < 0.001 |
Urban: 4.28% Rural: 7.82% p < 0.0001 |
Non-teaching: 4.56% Teaching: 4.84% p = 0.1852 |
Small: 6.26% Medium: 4.49% Large: 4.42% p < 0.0001 |
1-10: 8.85% 11-21: 8.40% 22-52: 8.89% ≥ 53: 5.46% Missing: 6.24% p < 0.0001 |
1-64: 8.08% 65-123: 7.76% 124-224: 6.56% ≥ 225: 6.47% p < 0.0001 |
Government: 6.97% Non-profit: 4.27% For-profit: 4.32% p < 0.0001 |