Table 3.
Drugs causing vertigo or dizziness as a side effect
| Drug category | Class of drug | Subclass of drug | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anti infective | Antibiotics | Aminoglycosides | Tobramycin, gentamicin, amikacin, netilmicin |
| Macrolides | Erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin | ||
| Quinolones | Ofloxacin,ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, norflox | ||
| Penicillins | Piperacillin, amoxicillin | ||
| Cephalosporins | Cefopodoxime, cefadroxil, ceftazidime, cefixime, cefalexin, cefaclor, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cephradine | ||
| Others | Tetracyclines, vancomycin, teicoplanin, metronidazole, tinidazole, clindamycin, cotrimaxazole, linezolid, pentamidine | ||
| Antivirals | Ganciclovir,zalcitabine, acyclovir, ziduvudine, amantadine, ritonavir, lopinavir, indinavir | ||
| Antifungals | Fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, terbinafine, gresiofulvin | ||
| Antimalarials | Hydroxychloroquine, mefloquine, lumefantine | ||
| Antituberculous | Isoniazid,rifampicin, capreomycin, cycloserine | ||
| Antihelminthics | Piperazine | ||
| Analgesics | Non steroidal | Aspirin, indomethacin, ibuprofen, diclofenac | |
| Anti-inflammatory | Ketorolac, sulindac, naproxen, celecoxib, mefenamic acid, aceclofenac, rofecoxib | ||
| Opioids | Morphine, codeine, alfentamil, pethidine, tramadol, dextropropoxyphene | ||
| Anticancer drugs | Cytotoxics | Platinum compounds | Cisplatin, |
| Vinca alkaloids | Vinblastine | ||
| Antimetabolites | Capecitabine, methotrexate, cytarabine | ||
| Others | Etoposide, hydroxyurea, procarbazine, docetaxel | ||
| Cardiac and vascular drugs | Diuretics | Loop diuretics | Frusemide, bumentanide, torasemide |
| Thiazides | Indapamide, metolazone, bendrofluazide | ||
| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor | Acetazolamide, dorzolamide | ||
| Potassium sparing | Amiloride, spironolactone | ||
| Beta blockers | Metoprolol, timolol, propranolol, atenolol, pindolol, sotalol, labetolol, carvedilol | ||
| Alpha blockers | Prazocin,terazosin, doxazocin, tamsulosin, | ||
| ACE inhibitor | Ramipril, Enalapril, trandolapril, captopril, perindopril, lisinopril, | ||
| AT-II receptor antagonist | Irbesartan,losartan,candesartan, valsartan | ||
| Anti arrhythmic | Flecainide, quinidine, adenosine, digoxin amiodarone, bretylium, disopyramide | ||
| Calcium channel blockers | Amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil | ||
| Nitrates | Isosorbide mononitrate, glyceryl trinitrate | ||
| Neurologic drugs | Anticonvulsant | Sodium valproate,carbamazepine phenytoin, gabapentin, tiagabine, lamotrigine, ethosuccimide | |
| Anti-depressant | Tricyclics | Imipramine, amitriptyline, amoxapine, | |
| SSRI | Citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline | ||
| MAO inhibitors | Moclobemide | ||
| Antimigraine | 5HT-1 antagonist | Almotriptan, sumatriptan | |
| Hypnotics | Benzodiazepine | Clonazepam, lorazepam, diazepam midazolam, alprazolam, | |
| Other hypnotics | Zopiclone, zolpidem | ||
| Anti-Parkinson’s | Entacapone, selegiline, biperiden bromocriptine, pramipexole | ||
| Antipsychotics | Thioridazine, olanzapine, clozapine chlorpromazine, haloperidol, serindole | ||
| Drugs for dementia | Memantine, galantamine, donepezil, | ||
| Muscle relaxant | Dantrolene, baclofen, tizanidine | ||
| Endocrine and metabolic | Hypoglycemics | Glipizide,glimepiride,pioglitazone, insulin | |
| Corticosteroids | Dexamethasone, fludrocortisone | ||
| Bisphosphonates | Pamidronate, zoledronate | ||
| Gastro intestinal drugs | Antiemetics | Metoclopramide, ondansetron, nabilone trifluorperazine, tropisetron | |
| Antiulcer | H2 antagonist | Ranitidine, cimetedine, famotidine | |
| Proton pump | Omeprazole,lasanoprazole, pantaprazole, | ||
| Inhibitors | Promethazine, cetrizine, cyclizine | ||
| Lipid regulating | Fenofibrate, simvastatin, colestipol | ||
| Others | Immunosuppresant | Tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate | |
| Antirheumatoid | Leflunomide, etanercept, azathioprine | ||
| Anti gout | Allopurinol | ||
| Local anaesthetics | Ropivacaine, lignocaine | ||
| Antihistamines | Chlorpheniramine, fexofenadine promethazine, cetrizine, cyclizine | ||
| Antimuscarinics | Atropine, hyoscine, dicyclomine | ||
| Antiasthamatics | Salbutamol, montelukast, salmeterol |