Figure 1.

Release of PGE₂ from pancreatic carcinoma cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (a) PGE₂ production from PDAC monocultures of cells. Cells (AsPC-1, MiaPaCa-2, T3M-4, BxPC-3) were plated in 48-well plates at a density of 2.5 × 10⁴ cells/well in 500 μL of medium/well, and supernatants were collected at 48 hrs for PGE₂ ELISA measurement. (b) PGE₂ production from PBMCs. After purification over a Histopaque gradient mononuclear cells were plated in a 48-well plate (5 × 10⁵ cells/well) either alone or onto preseeded PDAC cultures (2.5 × 10⁴ cells/well). 48 hours after coculturing the cells, supernatants were collected and analysed for PGE₂ expression. PBMCs treated with LPS and ConA served as controls. All experiments were repeated in triplicate with three different healthy blood donors. *Standard deviations were calculated, and results were considered significant with P values from Student's t-test below 0.05.