Figure 2. Effect of HIV on the anti-CS2_VSA antibody levels in the ‘No Malaria’ histopathology group.

In a univariate analysis of women that showed no evidence of either peripheral or placental malaria infection, using Mann-Whitney ranksum tests, phagocytic antibodies (A) are shown to be significantly decreased by HIV infection (z = −2.17, p = 0.03). On the contrary total IgG to CS2_VSA (B) shows a non-significant decrease in the HIV-positive group (z = −1.35, p = 0.179. Box, median and interquartile range; whiskers, lowest and highest values. P values are shown.