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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Res Gerontol Nurs. 2010 Sep 30;4(3):168–184. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20100901-02

Table 3. Means, Standard Deviations, Differences, and t-tests by Experimental Group for Sample's Observed Raw Data across Study.

Month of study (M) Base-Line M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 All Months
Perceived stress (Short Zarit Burden Interview- Bedard) Mean 21.86 21.43 20.65 20.00 20.15 19.92 19.09 21.10 20.70 20.74
(SD) (8.83) (7.70) (8.97) (8.15) (9.04) (8.88) (8.61) (9.55) (10.48) (8.62)
Diff. 5.14 5.44 5.16 3.94 4.32 3.76 5.60 6.87 7.40 5.13
t-test 2.11 2.53 2.06 1.55 1.52 1.31 1.91 2.08 1.92 5.81
df 47 44 46 38 37 36 30 28 25 333.38
r1=0.53 (p) (.04) (.02) (.05) (.13) (.11) (.14) (.07) (.05) (.07) (0.000)
Emotional-behavioral responses (CES-D & NegPANAS combined*) Mean .102 -.011 -.086 .058 .054 -.048 -.147 .069 -.021 -.002
(SD) (.906) (.942) (.977) (.908) (.879) (.866) (.742) (.932) (.935) (.90)
Diff. 0.34 0.48 0.27 0.56 0.36 0.23 0.54 0.52 0.55 0.415
t-test 1.33 1.87 0.98 2.01 1.31 .82 2.14 1.84 1.42 4.51
df 47 41.99 47 38 38 37 23.05 29 31 354.47
r1=0.48 (p) (.19) (.07) (.33) (.06) (.20) (.42) (.04) (.08) (.17) (0.000)
Behavioral Symptoms (Neuro-Psychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire-Behaviors) Mean 11.58 9.49 11.00 11.22 9.04 9.70 10.61 11.07 11.44 10.55
(SD) (7.12) (7.17) (7.53) (7.14) (6.80) (7.00) (6.98) (7.95) (8.44) (7.28)
Diff. 2.92 3.34 4.60 2.35 0.063 1.89 2.56 2.89 3.14 3.01
t-test 1.18 1.36 2.12 .98 .03 .82 1.04 1.53 1.65 3.72
df 32 31 43 34 34 35 30 27 20.5 293.98
(p) (.25) (.19) (.04) (.33) (.98) (.42) (.31) (.14) (.11) (0.000)
*

combined z-scores from Center for Epidemiologic Study-Depression and negative portion of the Positive & Negative Affect Schedule.

1

correlation with outcome, Behavioral Symptoms of Dementia, across all data points

Note: SD= standard deviation; Diff.= difference in means between control and experimental subjects.