Table 2.
“Before” and “Now” Ratings by Study Group, with Comparison of Group Means
| Ratings | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beforec | Nowd | |||
| vmPFC | Non-vmPFC | vmPFC | Non-vmPFC | |
| ISPC Scale | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) |
| Associated with vmPFCa | ||||
| Lack of Planning | 2.6 (1.4) | 2.4 (1.2) | 4.7 (2.0) | 3.3 (1.7)*** |
| Poor Judgment | 2.2 (1.1) | 2.6 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.7) | 3.5 (1.4)* |
| Lack of Persistence | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.7) | 3.3 (1.4)** |
| Perseveration | 2.6 (1.2) | 2.6 (1.1) | 4.2 (1.5) | 3.6 (1.4)* |
| Lack of Initiative | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.3) | 4.5 (2.0) | 3.5 (1.5)** |
| Impulsivity | 3.0 (1.6) | 2.6 (1.3) | 4.0 (1.8) | 3.2 (1.5)* |
| Indecisiveness | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.7 (1.3) | 4.0 (2.0) | 3.9 (1.5) |
| Insensitivity | 2.8 (1.1) | 2.8 (1.3) | 4.1 (1.7) | 3.3 (1.7)* |
| Social Inappropriateness | 2.0 (1.0) | 2.4 (1.2) | 3.9 (1.5) | 3.2 (1.8)* |
| Inappropriate Affect | 2.3 (1.0) | 2.5 (1.1) | 3.4 (1.5) | 3.0 (1.3) |
| Aggression | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.4) | 3.0 (1.2) | 2.6 (1.4) |
| Lack of Insight | N/A | N/A | 3.4 (1.4) | 2.7 (1.4)* |
| Impatience | 2.9 (1.2) | 3.0 (1.3) | 3.8 (2.0) | 3.6 (1.8) |
| Irritability | 2.6 (1.3) | 2.9 (1.2) | 4.1 (1.6) | 3.5 (1.6)* |
| Emotional Lability | 2.8 (1.1) | 3.0 (1.3) | 3.9 (1.7) | 3.8 (1.5) |
| Inflexibility | 3.0 (1.5) | 3.3 (1.4) | 4.2 (1.5) | 3.9 (1.5) |
| Apathy | 2.6 (1.1) | 2.7 (0.9) | 3.7 (1.4) | 3.4 (1.4) |
| Social Withdrawal | 2.6 (1.2) | 2.7 (1.3) | 3.2 (1.8) | 3.4 (1.6) |
| Blunted Affect | 3.4 (1.3) | 3.3 (1.3) | 3.9 (1.8) | 2.9 (1.6)** |
| Not Associated with vmPFCb | ||||
| Vulnerability to Pressure | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.8 (1.4) | 4.3 (1.8) | 4.0 (1.8) |
| Anxiety | 2.5 (1.0) | 3.0 (1.4) | 3.4 (1.5) | 3.7 (1.6) |
| Depression | 2.6 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.3) | 3.5 (1.5) | 3.5 (1.4) |
| Dependency | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.3 (1.3) | 3.4 (1.8) | 3.3 (1.6) |
| Lack of Stamina | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.5) | 5.0 (1.7) | 4.3 (1.7)* |
| Suspiciousness | 2.6 (1.0) | 2.9 (1.0) | 3.0 (1.7) | 3.1 (1.2) |
| Obsessiveness | 3.3 (1.2) | 3.5 (1.3) | 3.5 (1.6) | 4.0 (1.5) |
| Vanity | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.5) | 2.4 (1.2) |
| Manipulativeness | 2.3 (1.1) | 2.4 (1.2) | 3.0 (1.7) | 2.7 (1.4) |
| Type A Behavior | 3.0 (1.5) | 3.3 (1.6) | 2.7 (1.7) | 2.9 (1.6) |
| Frugality | 3.4 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.4) | 3.5 (1.3) |
Note. Control scales are in italics.
a
These scales were expected to belong to dimensions hypothesized to be associated with vmPFC damage.
b
These scales were not expected to belong to dimensions hypothesized to be associated with vmPFC damage.
c
There were no significant differences between study groups in “Before” ratings (all p's > 0.1).
d
Significance levels refer to differences between study group means in “Now” ratings:
*
= p < .05.
**
= p < .01.
***
= p < .001.