CSH1 induction in TSCs is largely MAPK8/9-dependent. TSCs were cultured in 200 or 400mM sorbitol with or without DJNKI1 (inhibitor of MAPK8/9), or DJNKl1 and compound C (PRKAA1/2 [AMPK] inhibitor) for 24hr. After treatments, equal amounts of protein were examined with Western blots using CSH1 and Actb antibody. Triplicate biological experiments, with error flags showing standard error means, indicate that stress induced significant amounts of CSH1 (a), but that DJNKl1 diminished CSH1 induction (b), DJNKl1 and compound C diminished CSH1 induction more than DJNKl1 alone (c) (all by post hoc Dunnett t test shows (p<0.01), and 200Mm induction was not significantly different than 400mM sorbitol (d)(p>0.4)