Table 1.

Description of included longitudinal cohort and case-control studies

References	Sample	Mental health	Follow-up (years)	Non-work factors	Adjustments
Cohorts
Barnett and Brennan (1998) [40]	Full-time employed, dual- earner couples (N = 484). United States.	Psychological distress (SCL-90)	2	Community Occupational prestige: men = ns, women = ns Family Years in couple: men and women b = -0.22/ Marital-role quality: men and women b = -2.71/ Household income: men = ns, women = ns/ Children at home: men = ns, women = ns	Age, gender as a stratification variable, education, negative affectivity, partners' psychosocial work environment, mental health at baseline, skill discretion, decision authority, schedule control, job demands, pay adequacy, job security, social support, work hours.
Bromet et al. (1988) [39]	Married male power plants employees (N = 325). United States.	Depression (SADS-L) Psychological distress (SCL-90)	1	Networks Social support (friends) = ns Family Marital stress = ns	Age, history of affective disorders, levels of psychological distress at baseline, alcohol-related problems, decision latitude, job demands, social support at work.
Fuhrer et al. (1999) [131]	Civil servants aged 35-55 years at baseline (N = 5,793). United Kingdom.	Psychological distress (GHQ)	Up to 4	Combined Community and Networks Social network index (friends, relatives; church, social clubs): men = ns, women = ns Combined Networks and Family Confiding support: men ORlow = 1.24, women = ns/Practical support: men = ns, women = ns/Negative aspects of close relationships: men OR moderate, high = 1.41-1.80, women ORmoderate, high = 1.39-2.06 (all close nominated persons in reference for all indicators, with spouse in reference for 80-92% of respondents) Family Marital status: men = ns, women = ns.	Age, gender as a stratification variable, employment grade, mental health at baseline, social support at work.
Griffin et al. (2002) [37]	Civil servants aged 35-55 years at baseline (N = 7,473). United Kingdom.	Depression (GHQ) Anxiety (GHQ) Exclusion of cases at baseline.	5	Depression Networks Caregiving status (relative): men OR = 1.59, women = ns Family Marital status: men = ns, women = ns/Number of children: men = ns, women = ns/Home control: men ORlow = 1.71, women ORlow = 2.02 Anxiety Networks Caregiving status (relative): men OR = 1.70, women = ns Family Marital status: men = ns, women = ns/Number of children: men = ns, women = ns/Home control: men ORlow = 1.68, women = ns	Age, gender as a stratification variable, employment grade, decision latitude.
Marchand et al. (2005)[12]	Representative sample of the workforce (N = 6,359). Canada.	Psychological distress (WHO-CIDI)	7	Community Societal occupational structure accounts for 1.3% of variance in outcome/Mean occupational income = ns Networks Social support (someone): ORhigh = 0.58 Family Marital status = ns/Couple strains = ns/Household income = ns/Children aged 0-5 yo at home = ns/Children aged 6-11 yo at home = ns/Children aged 12-24 yo at home = ns/Children strains OR = 1.15	Age, gender, self-esteem, locus of control, sense of cohesion, chronic health problems, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, stressful childhood events, mental health at baseline, skill utilization, decision authority, job demands, physical demands, social support at work, job insecurity, work hours, work schedule.
Niedhammer et al. (1998)[38]	Workers from public utility energy firms aged 35-50 years at baseline (N = 9,059). France.	Depressive symptoms (CES-D)	1	Combined Networks and Family Nb. of life events (partner; relatives): men OR = 1.15-1.77, women OR = 1.53-3.17 Family Marital status: men ORsingle, separated, divorced, widowed = 1.72-2.88, women ORseparated, divorced, widowed = 1.36-2.16	Age, gender as a stratification variable, education, occupational status, stressful occupational events, previous absenteeism for mental health, decision latitude, job demands, social support at work.
Revicki et al. (1993) [129]	Emergency medicine residents (N = 369). United States.	Depression (CES-D)	1	Family Marital status = ns	Age, gender, mental health at baseline, Work-Related Stress Inventory, task-role clarity, social support at work.
Shields (1999) [132]	Workers aged 25- 54 years working a minimum of 35 hours per week (N = 3,783). Canada.	Major depressive episodes (WHO-CIDI) Exclusion of cases at baseline.	2	Community Occupational status: men = ns, women = ns Family Marital status: men = ns, women = ns/Household income: men OR low, middle = 0.2-0.3, women = ns/Children aged 0-12 yo at home: men = ns, women = ns	Age, gender as a stratification variable, education, self-employment status, rotating shift, work hours, job strain.
Shields (2002) [130]	Workers aged 18- 54 years not working night shifts (N = 4,298). Canada.	Psychological distress (WHO-CIDI)	Up to 4	Community Occupational status: men bsales/service = 0.06, women = ns Family Marital status: men = ns, women = ns/Couple strains: men = ns, women = ns/Household income: men blow = -0.05, women = ns/Children aged 0-12 yo at home: men = ns, women = ns	Age, gender as a stratification variable, education, mastery, personal stress, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, mental health at baseline, self-employment status, week-end shifts, job strain, social support at work, physical demands, job insecurity, rotating shift, work hours.
Smith et al. (2008) [133]	Workers aged 25- 60 years working a minimum of 20 hours per week, not self-employed (N = 3,411). Canada.	Psychological distress (WHO-CIDI)	4	Combined Community and Networks Nb. of chronic stressors (friends, neighborhood): ns Family Nb. of chronic stressors (partner, child, parent): ns/Chronic exposure to financial stress: ns/Household income: ns	Age, gender, education, personal stress, self-rated health, body mass index, hypertension, heart disease, back pain, mental health at baseline, decision latitude.
Stansfeld et al. (1998) [134]	Civil servants aged 35-55 years at baseline (N = 8,315). United Kingdom.	Mental health functioning (SF-36)	Up to 8	Combined Community and Networks Social network index (friends, relatives; church, social clubs): men ORLow, moderate = 1.33-1.39, women = ns Combined Networks and Family Confiding support: men ORlow = 1.60/Negative aspects of close relationships: men = ns, women OR high, moderate = 1.52-1.73. (closest nominated person in reference for all indicators)	Age, gender as a stratification variable, employment grade, negative affectivity, mental and physical health at baseline, decision latitude, job demands, social support at work, effort-reward imbalance.
Wickrama et al. (2005) [36]	Working parents (N = 692). United States.	Depression (SCL-90)	10	Combined Networks and Family Nb. of life events (partner, child, parent; friends): men B = 0.10, women B = 0.21	Gender as a stratification variable, education, mental health at baseline, decision latitude.
Case-control
Ostry et al. (2006)35	Male sawmill workers (N = 822). Canada.	Neurotic disorder diagnosis (ICD9)	5	Family Marital status = ns	Duration of job, ethnicity, occupational status, job demands.

Note. OR: odds ratios; b: unstandardized betas; B: standardized betas; ns = non-significant association at p < 0.05.