Table 3.
Overview of extracted descriptive study data for the discipline Education
| Reference | First author | Year | Countrya | Language | Study duration, days | Intervention duration, days | Study design | Study groups | Number of participants | Participants | Gender | Age, years | Body part | Training task | Focus | Measurement events | Resultsb | Quality rating | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative change | Absolute change | ||||||||||||||||||
| [93] | Bucher, L | 1993 | USA | English | 999 | 999 | RCT | 3 | 108 | Nursing students | NSt | Range 19 to 21 | Upper limb | Remove sterile gloves | M | 1 (post-test) | ↗ | ↗ | 5/10 |
| [94] | Doheny, MO | 1993 | USA | English | 1 | 1 | RCT | 4 | 95 | Nursing students | Both | Mean = 21, range 18 to 40 | Upper limb | Intramuscular injection | M | 2 (pre-post test) | → | NSt | 5/10 |
| [95] | Immenroth, M | 2005 | DE | English | 2 | 1 | RCT | 3 | 98 | Surgeons | NSt | Mean ± SD = 32 ± 4 | Upper limb | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | M | 2 (pre-post test) | ↗ | ↗ | 9/10 |
| [96] | Komesu | 2009 | USA | English | 999 | 1 | RCT | 2 | 68 | Surgeons | NSt | NSt | Upper limb | Surgical cystoscopy | C | 1 (post-test) | ↗ | ↗ | 8/10 |
| [97] | Sanders, CW | 2004 | USA | English | 21 | 21 | RCT | 3 | 65 | Medical students | NSt | Students | Upper limb | Basic surgical procedures | M | 2 (pre-post test) | → | ↘ | 7/10 |
| [98] | Sanders | 2008 | USA | English | 15 | 2 | RCT | 2 | 64 | Medical students | NSt | NSt | Upper limb | Basic surgical procedures | C | 3 (post-tests, FU) | ↗ | ↗ | 9/10 |
| [99] | Stig, LC | 1989 | UK | English | 1 | 1 | RCT | 2 | 35 | Chiropractic students | Both | Mean = 23, range 19 to 40 | Upper limb | Chiropractic adjustment skill | M | 2 (pre-post test) | → | ↗ | 6/10 |
| [100] | Welk, A | 2007 | DE | English | 999 | 999 | RCT | 2 | 41 | Dentistry students | Both | Mean = 23 | Upper limb | Preparation of tooth crown | C | 2 (pre-post test) | ↗ | ↗ | 8/10 |
| [60] | Wright, CJ | 2008 | UK | English | 999 | 28 | RCT | 2 | 56 | Students | Both | University Students | Upper limb | Measuring blood pressure, antiseptic dressing task | C | 2 (pre-post test) | ↗ | ↗ | 8/10 |
aCountries: AU = Australia, BE = Belgium, BR = Brazil, CA = Canada, DE = Germany, ES = Spain, FR = France, G = German, GR = Greece, HK = Hong Kong, IL = Israel, IR = Iran, IT = Italy, KR = South Korea, NL = The Netherlands, NZ = New Zealand, PT = Portugal, SE = Sweden, UK = United Kingdom, USA = United States of America.
bTwo elements were used to describe the study results: relative and absolute change: relative change evaluates the MI group results versus results of other study groups, while absolute change indicates the change of the MI group from pre- to post-test. ↗, →, ↘ = indicate trends of the study results from pre- to post-test (↗ positive change, → - no change, ↘ - negative change, ≈ = no precise numbers of measurement events stated in the publication)
Abbreviations: BL = Baseline, C = cognitive, CG = control group, CRPS1 = complex regional pain syndrome type 1, int. = Intervention, M = motor, N/A = not applicable, NK, not known;,NSt = not stated, S = strength