Table 1.
Baseline clinical, echocardiographical, and neurohumoral characteristics of the population
| Presence of tinnitus | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||
| Male | 122 (52.3%) | 408 (52.6%) | NS |
| Female | 111 (47.7%) | 317 (47.4%) | NS |
| Ethiology of CHF (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 30.0 | 31.7 | NS |
| Ischemic | 41 | 40 | NS |
| CMP | 23.3 | 24.3 | NS |
| Valve disease | 3.7 | 3 | NS |
| Other | 2.0 | 1 | NS |
| Age (years) | 74.9 ± 6 | 73.6 ± 7 | n.s. |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 26.6 ± 4 | 27 ± 4 | n.s |
| Lying SBP (mmHg) | 123.1 ± 16 | 125.9 ± 15 | .027* |
| Standing SBP (mmHg) | 118.3 ± 18 | 121.3 ± 17 | .024* |
| Lying DBP (mmHg) | 67.8 ± 9 | 69.7 ± 9 | .006* |
| Standing DBP (mmHg) | 66.7 ± 9 | 68.8 ± 9 | .003* |
| BNP (pg/ml) | 413.1 ± 480 | 286.2 ± 357 | .013* |
| EF (%) | 43.6 ± 15 | 47.9 ± 14 | .001* |
| % EF ≤ 45% | 50.6 ± 12 | 39.9 ± 12 | .001* |
| LV TDV (mL) | 144 ± 23 | 118 ± 24 | .001* |
| LV TSV (mL) | 53 ± 10 | 46 ± 9 | NS |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CHF, congestive heart failure; CMP, cardiomiopathy; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EF, ejection fraction; LV, left ventricular; NS, not significant; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TDV, total distribution volume.