Table 8.

WOMAC, VAS pain, and quality of life measures observed over time

Variable	0	Weeks 10	14	Group	p-level Time	G × T
WOMAC
Pain	156 ± 81	84 ± 64†	74 ± 58†	0.81	0.001	0.46
Stiffness	84 ± 41	47 ± 44†	50 ± 40†	0.45	0.001	0.63
Physical Function	879 ± 428	517 ± 390†	449 ± 335†	0.81	0.001	0.61
VAS
Pain	3.97 ± 1.9	2.51 ± 1.8†	1.78 ± 1.8†	0.18	0.001	0.43
Quality of Life
Physical Function	44.4 ± 38	55.4 ± 36	70.4 ± 17†	0.47	0.004	0.93
General Health	13.3 ± 15	15.2 ± 10	16.7 ± 7	0.73	0.12	0.47
Vitality	8.3 ± 12	15.0 ± 10	18.3 ± 7†	0.06	0.001	0.88
Social Function	18.3 ± 20	26.4 ± 14	30.3 ± 9†	0.21	0.004	0.13
Mental Health	11.7 ± 4	13.5 ± 2	9.6 ± 5	0.91	0.001q	0.51

Data are means ± standard deviations for main time effects. WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index, VAS = Visual Analogue Scale. † Indicates p < 0.05 difference from baseline.