Table 2.

Nursing staff's opinion of what causes falls

								Worked in the care unit in question
CAUSING FALLS	Total n = 63		ENs n = 40		RNs N = 14		p-value1)	≤5 years n = 34		>5 years n = 29
FACTORS RELATED TO THE INDIVIDUAL	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Forgetfulness related to
Time, place and situation	2.2	1.1	2.3	1.1	2.1	1.0		2.2	1.1	2.3	1.1
Impaired physical condition	3.0	.8	3.0	.7	3.4	.6		3.1	.8	3.0	.7
Mental condition	2.3	.9	2.3	.9	2.1	.9		2.2	1.0	2.4	.8
How to use remedies	1.9	.9	2.1	1.0	1.6	.8		1.9	.9	2.0	1.0
That one need help with ADL	2.3	.9	2.3	.9	2.2	.9		2.2	.8	2.2	1.0
Anxiety/confusion	2.8	.9	2.9	.9	2.8	1.0		2.6	.9	3.0	.8
Ability to understand and express one self
Ability to call for help	2.8	.8	2.8	.9	2.7	.8		2.8	.7	2.8	1.0
Ability to understand staff's instructions	2.3	.9	2.5	.9	2.2	1.0		2.2	.9	2.4	1.0
Physical factors
Mobility	2.7	.9	2.7	.9	3.0	.7		2.7	.9	2.8	.8
Bodily built	1.9	.9	2.0	1.0	1.9	.8		1.9	.8	1.9	1.0
Body control and movements	2.7	.8	2.7	.8	2.9	.8		2.5	.8	2.9	.8
Impaired assessment of distance	2.5	.8	2.6	.9	2.5	.8		2.4	.8	2.6	.8
Dizziness	2.5	.84	2.5	.8	2.8	.9		2.6	.8	2.4	.9
Sight	2.4	.70	2.4	.7	2.4	.8		2.3	.7	2.4	.7
Hearing	2.0	.9	2.0	.9	1.8	1.1		2.0	1.0	1.9	.9
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Physical environment
Unsurveyable locals and long distances	1.6	.7	1.6	.8	1.5	.7		1.6	.7	1.6	.8
Colours and materials on floors	1.4	.7	1.5	.8	1.3	.5		1.3	.6	1.6	.8
Carpets, furniture and equipment	1.3	.6	1.4	.6	1.1	.3	.051	1.4	.6	1.3	.5
Illumination	1.3	.5	1.2	.4	1.4	.5		1.3	.6	1.3	.4
Wet floors	1.3	.6	1.2	.5	1.4	.7		1.4	.7	1.1	.4
Psycho-social environment
Noise and disturbances	1.5	.7	1.5	.7	1.5	.7		1.5	.7	1.5	.8
Disturbing co-residents	2.0	.8	2.0	.8	2.2	.8		1.9	.8	2.1	.8
Aggressive and annoying co-residents	2.0	.8	2.0	.8	2.2	.9		1.9	.8	2.1	.7
Staff organisation and priorities
Number of staff	2.4	.9	2.4	.9	2.7	.8		2.2	.9	2.6	.9
Planning and prioritizing work	1.5	.7	1.6	.6	1.6	1.0		1.5	.7	1.5	.7
Insufficient knowledge of the residents risk behavior	1.4	.6	1.4	.5	1.7	.9		1.4	.7	1.5	.5
Discovering fall risk too late	1.6	.6	1.7	.7	1.5	.5		1.6	.6	1.7	.7
Prioritizing the residents' integrity and autonomi	1.9	.8	1.8	.7	2.4	.9	.023	1.9	.9	1.9	.7

¹⁾ Significance test Mann Whitney U-test