Table 1.

Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg hydromorphone HCl) i.v. to rhesus (n=5)

Parameter		Low	Median	High	Geometric mean
AUCExtrapolated	%	3.2	4.2	14.9	5.3
AUC0-LAST	h ng mL–1	19.1	34.4	44.6	32.5
AUC0-INF	h ng mL–1	22.4	35.9	46.3	34.8
AUMC0-INF	h hng mL–1	21.7	39.4	61.6	38.7
AUMC0-LAST	h hng mL–1	11.1	31.3	46.1	28.4
C0	ng mL–1	29.7	35.9	41.5	35.6
Cl	mL min–1 kg–1	32.1	41.3	66.3	42.7
T ½ λ z	h	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.9
λ z	h–1	0.669	0.798	0.841	0.777
MRT0-INF	h	1.0	1.1	1.4	1.1
MRT0-LAST	h	0.6	0.9	1.1	0.9
Vss	L kg–1	2.1	2.7	3.9	2.8
Vz	L kg–1	2.4	3.3	4.7	3.3
T ½ Biologic	h	0.4	0.7	0.8	0.6

AUC_0-INF the area under the curve from time 0 to infinity, AUC_0-LAST area under the curve from 0 to the last time point, AUC_Extrapolated percent of the AUC extrapolated to infinity, AUMC_0-INF area under the first moment curve from time 0 to infinity, AUMC_0-LAST area under the first moment curve from time 0 to the last measured time point, Cl serum clearance, Vss apparent volume of distribution at steady state, Vz apparent volume of distribution of the area during the elimination phase, λ_z first-order rate constant, T_½ λ_z terminal half-life, MRT_0-INF mean residence time extrapolated to infinity, MRT_0-last mean residence time from 0 to the last measured time point, C0 the concentration extrapolated to time 0, C_MAX maximum serum concentration, T_MAX time to maximum serum concentration, Vz F^–1 Vz per fraction of the dose absorbed