Table 3.
Association between childhood GCT and parental infertility and infertility treatment (Females only)
| Controls n (%) |
Cases n (%) |
ORa | 95% CI | p-value | Gonadal n (%) |
ORa | 95% CI | p-value | Non- gonadal n (%) |
ORa | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior fetal loss | |||||||||||||
| None | 185 (76.8) | 157 (80.5) | Ref | 80 (82.5) | Ref | 69 (77.5) | Ref | ||||||
| One | 48 (19.9) | 23 (11.8) | 0.59 | 0.34–1.03 | 0.07 | 12 (12.4) | 0.48 | 0.22–1.02 | 0.06 | 10 (11.2) | 0.61 | 0.28–1.36 | 0.23 |
| Two or more | 8 (3.3) | 15 (7.7) | 2.12 | 0.84–5.36 | 0.11 | 5 (5.2) | 0.77 | 0.21–2.87 | 0.70 | 10 (11.2) | 3.32 | 1.12–9.88 | 0.03 |
| History of multiple birth prior to index | |||||||||||||
| None | 235 (97.5) | 187 (95.9) | Ref | 93 (95.9) | Ref | 86 (96.6) | Ref | ||||||
| At least one multiple birth | 6 (2.5) | 8 (4.1) | 1.65 | 0.53–5.15 | 0.39 | 4 (4.1) | 1.55 | 0.36–6.61 | 0.56 | 3 (3.4) | c | ||
| Maternal age | |||||||||||||
| < 27 | 119 (49.4) | 90 (46.2) | 0.67 | 0.43–1.05 | 0.08 | 44 (45.4) | 0.52 | 0.28–0.96 | 0.04 | 41 (46.1) | 0.87 | 0.48–1.58 | 0.64 |
| 27–34 | 97 (40.2) | 88 (45.1) | Ref | 46 (47.4) | Ref | 39 (43.8) | Ref | ||||||
| ≥35 | 25 (10.4) | 17 (8.7) | 0.79 | 0.39–1.61 | 0.52 | 7 (7.2) | 0.63 | 0.22–1.76 | 0.38 | 9 (10.1) | 0.87 | 0.35–2.20 | 0.77 |
| Use of OSd drugs (prior to or before knowledge of pregnancy) | |||||||||||||
| No | 234 (97.9) | 191 (97.9) | Ref | 93 (95.9) | Ref | 89 (100.0) | Ref | ||||||
| Yes | 5 (2.1) | 4 (2.1) | 0.99 | 0.25–3.94 | 0.99 | 4 (4.1) | 1.79 | 0.42–7.66 | 0.43 | 0 (0.0) | c | ||
| No pregnancy after a year or more of trying | |||||||||||||
| No | 184 (76.3) | 155 (79.5) | Ref | 76 (78.4) | Ref | 70 (78.7) | Ref | ||||||
| Yes | 57 (23.7) | 40 (20.5) | 0.85 | 0.53–1.37 | 0.50 | 21 (21.6) | 1.02 | 0.53–1.95 | 0.95 | 19 (21.3) | 0.86 | 0.45–1.64 | 0.65 |
| Time to index pregnancy | |||||||||||||
| Not trying | 119 (49.4) | 94 (48.5) | 0.75 | 0.48–1.20 | 0.23 | 50 (51.5) | 0.88 | 0.48–1.62 | 0.68 | 40 (45.5) | 0.71 | 0.37–1.33 | 0.28 |
| < 1 year of trying | 95 (39.4) | 82 (42.3) | Ref | 37 (38.1) | Ref | 40 (45.5) | Ref | ||||||
| ≥ 1 year of trying | 27 (11.2) | 18 (9.3) | 0.77 | 0.39–1.53 | 0.46 | 10 (10.3) | 1.21 | 0.48–3.03 | 0.69 | 8 (9.1) | 0.67 | 0.27–1.70 | 0.40 |
| Latent class infertilityb (with maternal age) | |||||||||||||
| No | 222 (92.1) | 177 (90.8) | Ref | 88 (90.7) | Ref | 80 (89.9) | Ref | ||||||
| Yes | 19 (7.9) | 18 (9.2) | 1.23 | 0.57–2.62 | 0.60 | 9 (9.3) | 1.52 | 0.55–4.25 | 0.42 | 9 (10.1) | 1.19 | 0.45–3.19 | 0.71 |
| Latent class infertilityb (without maternal age) | |||||||||||||
| No | 235 (97.5) | 185 (94.9) | Ref | 92 (94.8) | Ref | 84 (94.4) | Ref | ||||||
| Yes | 6 (2.5) | 10 (5.1) | 2.35 | 0.80–6.92 | 0.12 | 5 (5.2) | 1.75 | 0.47–6.52 | 0.41 | 5 (5.6) | 3.06 | 0.77–12.10 | 0.11 |
a
Logistic regression models were adjusted for child’s age, sex, and gestational age as well as maternal age, race, education, and household income
b
Infertility predicted from the latent class model
c
Sample size too small for logistic regression analysis
d
Ovarian stimulating