Table 4.
Association between childhood GCT and parental infertility and infertility treatment (Males only)
| Controls n (%) |
Cases n (%) |
ORa | 95% CI | p-value | Gonadal n (%) |
ORa | 95% CI | p-value | Non-gonadalb n (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prior fetal loss | ||||||||||
| None | 146 (80.7) | 70 (84.3) | Ref | 39 (83.0) | Ref | 28 (90.3) | ||||
| One | 26 (14.4) | 11 (13.3) | 0.71 | 0.30–1.70 | 0.44 | 7 (14.9) | 1.06 | 0.37–3.09 | 0.91 | 3 (9.7) |
| Two or more | 9 (5.0) | 2 (2.4) | d | 1 (2.1) | d | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| History of multiple birth prior to index | ||||||||||
| None | 174 (96.1) | 82 (98.8) | Ref | 46 (97.9) | Ref | 31 (100.0) | ||||
| At least one multiple birth | 7 (3.9) | 1 (1.2) | d | 1 (2.1) | d | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Maternal age | ||||||||||
| < 27 | 68 (37.6) | 36 (43.4) | 1.37 | 0.70–2.67 | 0.36 | 20 (42.6) | 1.55 | 0.66–3.68 | 0.32 | 13 (41.9) |
| 27–34 | 99 (54.7) | 35 (42.2) | Ref | 20 (42.6) | Ref | 15 (48.4) | ||||
| ≥35 | 14 (7.7) | 12 (14.5) | 2.88 | 1.13–7.37 | 0.03 | 7 (14.9) | 3.70 | 1.12–12.24 | 0.03 | 3 (9.7) |
| Use of OSd drugs (prior to or before knowledge of pregnancy) | ||||||||||
| No | 175 (96.7) | 82 (98.8) | Ref | 46 (97.9) | Ref | 31 (100.0) | ||||
| Yes | 6 (3.3) | 1 (1.2) | d | 1 (2.1) | d | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No pregnancy after a year or more of trying | ||||||||||
| No | 149 (82.8) | 66 (79.5) | Ref | 36 (76.6) | Ref | 26 (83.9) | ||||
| Yes | 31 (17.2) | 17 (20.5) | 1.30 | 0.61–2.75 | 0.50 | 11 (23.4) | 1.80 | 0.70–4.64 | 0.23 | 5 (16.1) |
| Time to index pregnancy | ||||||||||
| Not trying | 71 (39.4) | 40 (48.2) | 1.17 | 0.64–2.14 | 0.62 | 18 (38.3) | 0.88 | 0.41–1.90 | 0.75 | 18 (58.1) |
| < 1 year of trying | 88 (48.9) | 37 (44.6) | Ref | 24 (51.1) | Ref | 12 (38.7) | ||||
| ≥ 1 year of trying | 21 (11.7) | 6 (7.2) | 0.56 | 0.17–1.81 | 0.33 | 5 (10.6) | 1.09 | 0.27–4.36 | 0.90 | 1 (3.2) |
| Latent class infertilityb (with maternal age) | ||||||||||
| No | 167 (92.3) | 77 (92.8) | Ref | 42 (89.4) | Ref | 31 (100.0) | ||||
| Yes | 14 (7.7) | 6 (7.2) | 0.72 | 0.21–2.48 | 0.60 | 5 (10.6) | 1.68 | 0.39–7.29 | 0.49 | 0 (0.0) |
| Latent class infertilityb (without maternal age) | ||||||||||
| No | 172 (95.0) | 82 (98.8) | Ref | 46 (97.9) | Ref | 31 (100.0) | ||||
| Yes | 9 (5.0) | 1 (1.2) | d | 1 (2.1) | d | 0 (0.0) |
a
Logistic regression models were adjusted for child’s age, sex, and gestational age as well as maternal age, race, education, and household income
b
Too few cases of non-gonadal for logistic regression analysis
c
Infertility predicted from the latent class model
d
Sample size too small for logistic regression analysis
e
Ovarian stimulating