Expression profiles of the VFMT2 gene, encoding a type 2 metallothionein, in white poplar cell suspension cultures challenged with alfalfa root saponins (25 and 50 µg ml−1, respectively). The analysis was carried out at different time points (0, 2, 4 and 6 h) from the beginning of the experiment using Quantitative RealTime Polymerase Chain Reaction as previously described in reference 8. Values are expressed as means ± SD of three independent experiments.