Table 1. Incidence of genetic alterations in the PI3K pathway in cancer.
| Genetic alterations | Cancer type | Incidence of tumors with alterations | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| p110a (PIK3CA) | |||
| Mutations | Breast | 27% (468/1766) | * |
| Endometrial | 24% (102/429) | * | |
| Colon | 15% (448/3024) | * | |
| upper digestive tract | 11% (38/352) | * | |
| gastric | 8% (29/362) | * | |
| Pancreas | 8% (8/104) | * | |
| Ovarian | 8% (61/787) | * | |
| Liver | 6% (19/303) | * | |
| brain | 5.9% (59/996) | *, 29, 30 | |
| Esophageal | 5% (13/239) | * | |
| Lung | 3% (28/962) | * | |
| melanoma | 9% (24/278) | * | |
| urinary tract | 17% (28/162) | * | |
| prostate | 2% (1/57) | * | |
| thyroid | 2% (7/394) | * | |
| Amplifications | Lung | ||
| SQC | 53%(40/75) | 147-149 | |
| ADC | 12.5% (15/120) | 147-149 | |
| SCC | 21.4% (3/14) | 147-149 | |
| NSC | 12.0% (11/92) | 150 | |
| Cervical | 69% (11/16) | 151 | |
| Breast | 8.7% (8/92) | 152, 153 | |
| Head and neck | 32.2% (52/161) | 146, 153, 154 | |
| Gastric | 36% (20/55) | 155 | |
| Thyroid | 9% (12/128) | 156 | |
| Esophageal | 6% (5/87) | 157 | |
| Cervical | 9% (2/22) | 158 | |
| Endometrial | 10% (3/29) | 158 | |
| Ovarian | 11.9% (16/134) | 159, 161 | |
| Glioblastoma | 6.1%(21/344) | 29, 160 | |
|
| |||
| p110b (PIK3CB) | |||
| Amplifications | Ovarian | 5% | 57 |
| Breast | 5% | 57 | |
| Increase in activity and expression | Colon | 70% (7/10) | 56 |
| Bladder | 89% (8/9) | 56 | |
|
| |||
| PDK1 | |||
| Amplification and overexpression | Breast | 20% | 57 |
|
| |||
| AKT | |||
| AKT1 mutation (E17K) | Breast | 3.7% (31/845) | 44, 58, 139, 140 |
| Colon | 2.8%(4/139) | 58, 139 | |
| Ovarian | 2% (1/50) | 58 | |
| Lung | 1.9% (2/105) | 141 | |
| AKT1 amplifications | Gastric | 20% (1/5) | 145 |
| AKT2 amplifications | Ovarian | 14.1%(30/213) | 142, 144, 151, 159 |
| Pancreas | 20% (7/35) | 143 | |
| Head and neck | 30% (12/40) | 146 | |
| Breast | 3% (3/106) | 142 | |
| AKT3 mutation (E17K) | Skin | 1.5% (2/137) | 59 |
| AKT3 amplifications | Glioblastoma | 2% (4/205) | 29 |
|
| |||
| p85a (PIK3R1) | |||
| Mutations | Glioblastoma | 9.9% (9/91); 8% (8/105) | 29, 30 |
| Ovarian | 4% (3/80); | 58 | |
| Colon | 2% (1/60); | 58 | |
|
| |||
| PTEN | |||
| Loss of heterozygosity | Gastric | 25.3% (84/332) | 155, 162, 163 |
| Breast | 24.9%(99/398) | 164-167 | |
| Melanoma | 37%(53/143) | 168-171 | |
| Prostate | 30%(70/230) | 172-176 | |
| Glioblastoma | 28% (113/404) | 29, 30, 177-179 | |
| Mutations | Endometrial | 38% (604/1569) | * |
| brain | 21%(611/2913) | *, 29, 30 | |
| skin | 17% (96/555) | * | |
| Prostate | 14% (51/371) | * | |
| large intestine | 13% (53/416) | * | |
| Ovary | 9% (55/645) | * | |
| Breast | 6% (34/561) | * | |
| Haematopoietic & lymphoid tissue | 6% (54/866) | * | |
| stomach | 6% (28/499) | * | |
| Liver | 5% (20/372) | * | |
| kidney | 5% (14/294) | * | |
| vulva | 65% (17/26) | * | |
| urinary tract | 9% (13/142) | * | |
| thyroid | 5% (27/591) | * | |
| Lung | 9% (48/548) | * | |
*
The values are taken from http://www.sanger.ac.uk/genetics/CGP/cosmic/.