TABLE 5.

Effects of low-dairy (LD) compared with adequate-dairy (AD) diets on oxidative biomarkers in overweight and obese subjects with metabolic syndrome¹

Biomarker and obesity status	Diet	Baseline	Change from baseline			P value
			Day 7	Day 28	Day 84
Malondialdehyde (nmol/L)
Overweight	LD	1.95 ± 0.47	0.43 ± 0.47	0.59 ± 0.37	0.80 ± 0.11	Diet, P < 0.01; obesity status, P < 0.01; day, NS
	AD	2.80 ± 0.53	−1.34 ± 0.40	−0.86 ± 0.46	−0.81 ± 0.44
Obese	LD	5.14 ± 1.50	−0.42 ± 1.22	1.13 ± 1.47	0.70 ± 1.14
	AD	4.88 ± 1.63	−1.51 ± 0.83	−1.79 ± 0.91	−1.96 ± 0.89
All	LD	4.61 ± 1.40	−0.05 ± 0.36	0.86 ± 0.74	0.74 ± 0.45
	AD	4.31 ± 1.15	−1.42 ± 0.51	−1.34 ± 0.71	−1.39 ± 0.89
Oxidized LDL (ng/mL)
Overweight	LD	389 ± 62	110 ± 85	38 ± 96	72 ± 83	Diet, P < 0.02; obesity status, P < 0.02; diet × day, P < 0.02
	AD	249.2 ± 72	−38 ± 33	−55 ± 19	−70 ± 28
Obese	LD	495 ± 74	34 ± 86	64 ± 78	38 ± 70
	AD	370 ± 89	−51 ± 38	−105 ± 36	−95 ± 22
All	LD	442 ± 67	72 ± 15	51 ± 67	55 ± 65
	AD	315 ± 90	−45 ± 23	−78 ± 34	−88 ± 36

¹All values are means ± SDs; n = 40 [20/group (10 overweight and 10 obese)].