Figure 2.

RTN/pFRG BIC/STRY injections induced AE. A, Respiratory period, T_I, T_E, V_T, V̇_E, ∫DIA_EMG, ∫GG_EMG, ∫ABD_EMG calculated from 100 cycles before BIC/STRY injection and after AE onset. Values averaged and normalized in each experiment (n = 4 saline, white; n = 8 BIC/STRY; gray). The asterisk (*) indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05) between preinjection and postinjection. Error bars indicate SEM. B, Representative sections of adult rat brainstem [modified from Paxinos and Watson (1998)]; 0 μm is caudal tip of VIIn. Each symbol represents an injection site. The circles identify locations where AE was induced strongly (filled) or weakly (half-filled). The diamonds identify locations that did not induce AE.