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Comparison of WT and rad mutant rice coleoptiles. (A) WT and rad mutant seeds were germinated for 5 d under complete submergence. Left: WT; right: rad mutant. Arrowheads indicate the coleoptiles. Scale bar = 1 cm. (B, C) Growth of coleoptiles under submerged (B) and aerobic (C) conditions. Data are means of 15 replicates ± s.d. (D) ATP concentrations in coleoptiles under submerged conditions at 1 d after imbibition. Data are means of three replicates.
