Table 5.

Enemas

Authors	Study Group Study type	Methods+ Key Outcomes
Loening-Baucke (1993) [9]	174 children Study type: 4	Methods: case series: Long-term follow-up questionnaire. All given education, enemas for disimpaction, and dietary fibre+ magnesium hydroxide. Results: On presentation 64% impacted +received enema. 57/90 (63%) had recovered. 17 (19%) still required laxatives, and 16 (18%) still soiling regularly.
Borowitz et al (2005) [43]	119 children Study type: 4	Methods: Case series: Follow-up: Colonic evacuation then magnesium hydroxide (77%), senna syrup (23%), mineral oil (8%), and lactulose (8%) Results: Children who underwent some form of colonic evacuation followed by daily laxative therapy were more likely to have responded to treatment (p < 0.05).
Miller et al (2007) [64]	See PEG section above