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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Apr 4;35(8):1435–1444. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01479.x

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Ethanol suppresses interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression in primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes. Freshly isolated primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes from 5 healthy donors were isolated and left untreated (U), stimulated for 24 hours with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies (S), or treated for 24 hours with 25 mM ethanol followed by anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation (E+S). (A) IL-2 levels were measured in cell-free supernatants using human IL-2 ELISA kit. Results are represented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test. p-values: ***p < 0.01 compared to untreated and **p < 0.05 compared to stimulated. (B) Steady-state IL-2 mRNA levels were quantified from total RNA by real-time PCR. Data are expressed as fold induction over untreated. Results are represented as mean ± SD from 3 separate experiments. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test. p-values: ***p < 0.01 compared to untreated and **p < 0.01 compared to stimulated.