Table 1.
Contamination factors of selected nutrient and food densities with energy, protein density, and potassium density, estimated from Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition Study data*
| Nutrient or food density† | Sex | Protein density (SE) | Potassium density (SE) | Energy (SE) |
| Energy | Male | −0.01 (0.03) | 0.13 (0.05) | NA |
| Female | 0.03 (0.05) | 0.10 (0.06) | NA | |
| Protein | Male | NA | −0.01 (0.09) | 0.08 (0.05) |
| Female | NA | 0.00 (0.10) | 0.06 (0.05) | |
| Potassium | Male | −0.05 (0.06) | NA | 0.04 (0.04) |
| Female | 0.00 (0.07) | NA | −0.04 (0.05) | |
| Total fat | Male | −0.03 (0.07) | 0.00 (0.08) | 0.05 (0.05) |
| Female | −0.02 (0.08) | −0.08 (0.10) | −0.07 (0.05) | |
| Saturated fat | Male | −0.03 (0.05) | −0.04 (0.07) | 0.10 (0.04) |
| Female | −0.01 (0.06) | −0.07 (0.08) | −0.02 (0.04) | |
| Carbohydrates | Male | −0.20 (0.09) | −0.12 (0.12) | −0.06 (0.07) |
| Female | −0.07 (0.12) | −0.19 (0.15) | 0.14 (0.08) | |
| Fiber | Male | −0.05 (0.06) | 0.08 (0.08) | −0.12 (0.04) |
| Female | 0.10 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.08) | 0.00 (0.04) | |
| Vitamin C | Male | 0.00 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.04) | −0.02 (0.02) |
| Female | 0.09 (0.04) | 0.05 (0.05) | −0.03 (0.03) | |
| Vitamin E | Male | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.06) | −0.05 (0.03) |
| Female | 0.03 (0.07) | 0.14 (0.08) | 0.00 (0.04) | |
| Sodium | Male | 0.04 (0.10) | 0.10 (0.13) | −0.17 (0.07) |
| Female | 0.08 (0.12) | −0.06 (0.15) | 0.01 (0.08) | |
| Fruits and vegetables | Male | 0.00 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.06) | −0.03 (0.03) |
| Female | 0.13 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.07) | −0.04 (0.03) |
*
Contamination factors for the first three nutrients or food densities (energy, protein, and potassium) are for a disease model with the following three explanatory variables: food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) protein density, FFQ potassium density, and FFQ energy. For the remaining nutrients or food densities, the contamination factors are for a disease model with four explanatory variables: FFQ protein density, potassium density, energy, and the selected nutrient density. NA = not applicable.
†
All nutritional variables were log-transformed.