Table 2.

Attenuation factors for energy, protein density, and potassium density estimated using recovery biomarkers vs using a 24-hour recall as the reference instrument, results from the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition Study

Nutrient*	Sex	Recovery biomarker based† (SE)	24-h Recall based‡ (SE)
Energy	Male	0.08 (0.03)	0.21 (0.04)
	Female	0.03 (0.03)	0.09 (0.05)
Protein density	Male	0.43 (0.07)	0.35 (0.07)
	Female	0.33 (0.08)	0.45 (0.06)
Potassium density	Male	0.57 (0.08)	0.59 (0.05)
	Female	0.61 (0.08)	0.62 (0.07)

^*All nutritional variables were log-transformed.

^†Based on a multivariable disease model with food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) energy, protein density, and potassium density as explanatory variables. Note that the values for energy and protein density are not identical to the attenuation factors for these variables that are reported in the text. This is because the values cited in the text were those for a univariate model.

^‡Based on a multivariate disease model with FFQ energy, protein density, and potassium density as explanatory variables.