Table 1. Artificial intelligence approaches for early diabetes detection.

Legend: PID: Pima Indian dataset. MFNNCA: modified feed forward neural network constructive algorithm. GRG2: generalized reduced gradient 2. ANFIS: adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. GRNN: general regression neural network. MLP: multi-layer perceptron. RBF: radial basis function. ARTMAP-IC: adaptive resonance theory mapping instance counting. MEA: multimodal evolutionary algorithm. ESOM: evolving self-organizing maps. GNG: growing neural gas. GCS: growing cell structure. k-NN: k-nearest-neighbor. CART: classification and regression trees. LVQ: learning vector quantization. LDA: linear discriminant analysis. CART-DB: classification and regression trees distribution-based. SVM: support vector machine. SSVM: smooth support vector machine. MKS-SSVM: multiple knot spline smooth support vector machine. GDA: generalized discriminant analysis. LS-SVM: least square support vector machine. PCA-ANFIS: principal component analysis and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. LDA-ANFIS: linear discriminant analysis and adaptive network based fuzzy inference system. C4.5: sample class 4.5 algorithm. MLPNN: multi-layer perceptron neural network. ME: mixture of experts. MME: modified mixture of experts. See [15-17, 23, 25, 27, 38, 44, 47, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56]