Table 2.
Clinical parameters during four treatment periods. Values are mean (SE) or geometric mean (95% confidence interval)
| Regular sodium diet | Low sodium diet | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACE inhibitor | ACE inhibitor-ARB | ACE inhibitor | ACE inhibitor-ARB | ||
| Plasma | |||||
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 140.7 (0.4) | 140.8 (0.4) | 139.5 (0.4)*† | 139.1 (0.4)*† | |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.6 (0.1) | 4.6 (0.1) | 4.7 (0.1)* | 5.0 (0.1)*†‡ | |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 137 (8) | 137 (8) | 149 (9)* | 157 (9)*† | |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 9.8 (0.7) | 10.2 (0.7) | 11.8 (0.8)*† | 12.9 (0.8)*† | |
| Albumin (g/L) | 38 (1) | 39 (1) | 40 (1)*† | 40 (1)*† | |
| Total protein (g/L) | 68 (1) | 69 (1) | 71 (1)* | 72 (1)*† | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.1 (0.2) | 5.0 (0.2) | 4.8 (0.1) | 4.9 (0.2) | |
| Urine | |||||
| Creatinine (mmol/24 hours) | 13.8 (0.6) | 14.0 (0.5) | 13.5 (0.6) | 13.4 (0.6) | |
| Sodium (mmol/24 hours) | 189 (8) | 180 (9) | 106 (7)*† | 105 (8)*† | |
| Urea (mmol/24 hours) | 395 (18) | 403 (19) | 359 (17)*† | 352 (19)*† | |
| Potassium (mmol/24 hours) | 78 (3) | 76 (4) | 76 (4) | 73 (3) | |
| Calcium (mmol/24 hours) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.3)* | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.9)* | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9)*† | |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 72 (62 to 84) | 74 (65 to 84) | 66 (57 to 76)*† | 61 (53 to 70)*† | |
| Protein/creatinine ratio (mg/mg) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.3)* | 0.6 (0.4 to 0.8)*† | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.7)*†‡ | |
| Other | |||||
| Body weight (kg) | 89 (3) | 89 (2) | 87 (2)*† | 87 (2)*† | |
| Oedema (No of patients) | 18 | 20 | 8† | 4*† | |
| Symptomatic hypotension (number) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | |
| Dry cough (number) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
ACE=angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker.
*P<0.01 versus ACE inhibitor on regular sodium diet.
†P<0.01 versus ACE inhibitor-ARB on regular sodium diet.
‡P<0.01 versus ACE inhibitor on low sodium diet.