Table 2.
Social capital and health outcomes by characteristics of Thai cohort study members
| Social capital |
Health outcomes |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low trust | Low social interaction | Low social support | Poor self-assessed health | Poor psychological health | |
| Individual characteristics | |||||
| Sex | |||||
| Males | 36.7 | 18.0 | 9.9 | 3.9 | 9.9 |
| Females | 38.1 | 16.2 | 8.4 | 5.2 | 11.3 |
| Age in years | |||||
| 20–29 | 33.4 | 16.6 | 8.2 | 3.9 | 7.2 |
| 30–39 | 37.3 | 17.2 | 9.9 | 4.5 | 9.1 |
| 40–49 | 38.6 | 18.1 | 10.2 | 4.9 | 12.5 |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 37.2 | 15.0 | 8.4 | 4.3 | 9.1 |
| Not married | 37.3 | 18.4 | 8.9 | 4.7 | 11.2 |
| Separated, divorced, widowed | 43.0 | 19.2 | 17.3 | 6.5 | 12.3 |
| Income/month in Baht | |||||
| < 7,000 | 38.3 | 14.6 | 9.6 | 4.9 | 12.0 |
| 7,001–10,000 | 38.1 | 20.2 | 8.9 | 4.7 | 10.4 |
| > 10,000 | 36.1 | 17.8 | 8.4 | 4.2 | 9.1 |
| Residence at age 12 and at present | |||||
| Rural residents | 34.2 | 12.3 | 7.7 | 4.0 | 9.9 |
| Rural to urban areas | 40.3 | 26.9 | 10.5 | 5.0 | 11.1 |
| Urban residents | 39.8 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 5.3 | 11.7 |
| Other health covariates | |||||
| Chronic illnessa | |||||
| No | 36.1 | 16.5 | 8.5 | 3.5 | 9.5 |
| Yes | 40.6 | 18.2 | 10.2 | 7.1 | 13.3 |
| Health-risk behavioursb | |||||
| Smoking | |||||
| Not a regular smoker | 36.4 | 18.8 | 9.7 | 3.6 | 9.5 |
| Regular smoker | 37.5 | 15.1 | 10.7 | 5.9 | 11.3 |
| Alcohol drinking | |||||
| Not a regular alcohol drinker | 36.5 | 18.9 | 9.7 | 3.7 | 9.6 |
| Regular alcohol drinker | 38.4 | 9.9 | 11.6 | 5.6 | 12.5 |
Notes: a Doctor diagnosed conditions including diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, cancers, goitre, epilepsy, arthritis, asthma or other chronic infections; b restricted to males due to very low rates among females.