Table 1.
Characteristics of study respondents.
| Setting for ART |
||||
| Total (n = 518) | District hospital (n = 260) | Rural health centers (n = 258) | P-value | |
| Average age (year) | 38.2 (9.2 SD) | 38.0 (9.1 SD) | 38.6 (9.3 SD) | − |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 206 (39.8%) | 112 (45.0%) | 94 (37.0%) | 0.069 |
| Female | 297 (57.3%) | 137 (55.0%) | 160 (63.0%) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single/Divorce/Widowed | 248 (47.9%) | 129 (52.4%) | 119 (47.0%) | 0.227 |
| Married/Remarried | 251 (48.5%) | 117 (47.6%) | 134 | (53.0%) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Government staff member | 18 (3.5%) | 16 (6.5%) | 2 (0.8%) | <0.001 |
| Company employee | 16 (3.1%) | 12 (4.9%) | 4 (1.7%) | |
| Self-employed | 68 (13.1%) | 48 (19.6%) | 20 (8.3%) | |
| Farmer | 266 (51.4%) | 102 (41.6%) | 164 | (67.8%) |
| Housewife | 53 (10.2%) | 21 (8.6%) | 32 (13.2%) | |
| Other | 66 (12.7%) | 46 (18.8%) | 20 (8.3%) | |
| Which do you own | ||||
| Watch | 262 (50.6%) | 138 (53.1%) | 124 (48.1%) | 0.254 |
| Mobile phone | 98 (18.9%) | 66 (55.0%) | 32 (55.0%) | <0.001 |
| Radio | 254 (49.0%) | 129 (49.6%) | 125 (48.4%) | 0.791 |
| Television set | 109 (21.0%) | 83 (55.0%) | 26 (55.0%) | <0.001 |
| Average treatment period (month) | 12.5 (10.3 SD) | 15.2 (10.2 SD) | 9.7 (9.7 SD) | |
| Travel expenses for return trip | ||||
| Free of charge | 227 (43.8%) | 83 (32.0%) | 144 (56.7%) | <0.001 |
| Less than 10,000 Kw | 192 (37.1%) | 101 (39.0%) | 91 (35.8%) | |
| More than 10,000 Kw | 94 (18.1%) | 75 (29.0%) | 19 (7.5%) | |
| Understanding of need to take ARVs | ||||
| regularly at the same time | ||||
| Yes, complete | 502 (96.9%) | 251 (96.5%) | 251 (98.0%) | 0.456 |
| Yes, but incomplete | 10 (1.9%) | 7 (2.7%) | 3 (1.2%) | |
| No | 6 (0.8%) | 3 (0.8%) | 3 (0.8%) | |
| Way to remember when to take ARVs | ||||
| Watch | 245 (47.3%) | 123 (47.5%) | 122 (47.4%) | <0.001 |
| Clock | 79 (15.3%) | 44 (16.9%) | 35 (13.6%) | |
| Mobile phone | 58 (11.2%) | 44 (16.9%) | 14 (5.4%) | |
| Radio/Television set | 72 (13.9%) | 20 (7.7%) | 52 (20.2%) | |
| Position of the sun | 49 (9.5%) | 20 (7.7%) | 29 (11.3%) | |
| Other | 13 (2.5%) | 8 (3.1%) | 5 (1.9%) | |
| Adherence support | ||||
| None | 99 (19.1%) | 69 (26.5%) | 30 (11.7%) | <0.001 |
| Family | 264 (51.0%) | 137 (52.7%) | 127 (49.6%) | |
| Other | 153 (29.7%) | 54 (20.8%) | 99 (38.7%) | |
| Perceived stigma of taking ARVs | ||||
| Never experienced stigma | 432 (83.7%) | 202 (78.0%) | 230 (89.5%) | <0.001 |
| Experienced stigma | 84 (16.3%) | 57 (22.0%) | 27 (10.5%) | |
| Felt pressured to share ARVs | ||||
| Never pressured | 466 (90.5%) | 230 (88.8%) | 236 (92.2%) | 0.191 |
| Felt pressured | 49 (9.5%) | 29 (11.2%) | 20 (7.8%) | |
| Recent Adherence (missed dose in the past four days) | ||||
| Never missed | 458 (88.4%) | 233 (90.7%) | 225 (88.6%) | 0.441 |
| One or more | 53 (10.2%) | 24 (9.3) | 29 (11.4%) | |