Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of diabetic women and non-diabetic women selected for inclusion in the reference subcohort. Continuous variables are presented as medians with interquartile ranges in parentheses. P-values are from Wilcoxon rank-sum or Chi-square tests for continuous and categorical characteristics, respectively.
| Characteristic | Diabetic Women (N=512) | Reference Subcohort of Non-Diabetic Women (N=564) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.2 (50.6, 63.3) | 56.7 (50.9, 64.3) | 0.30 |
| White race, N (%) | 453 (88.5) | 519 (92.0) | 0.05 |
| History of cholesterol > 240 mg/dL, N (%) | 253 (49.4) | 191 (33.9) | <0.0001 |
| History of hypertension, N (%) | 330 (64.5) | 180 (31.9) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135 (125, 145) | 125 (115, 135) | <0.0001 |
| Parental history of myocardial infarction at age < 60 years, N (%) | 65 (14.2) | 68 (13.2) | 0.66 |
| Current Smoking, N (%) | 59 (11.5) | 56 (9.9) | 0.40 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30.1 (26.4, 34.4) | 25.6 (23.0, 28.3) | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol, at least 1 serving/week, N (%) | 96 (18.8) | 225 (39.9) | <0.0001 |
| Exercise at least 1 time/week, N (%) | 164 (32.0) | 260 (46.1) | <0.0001 |
| Aspirin use, N (%) | 263 (51.4) | 277 (49.1) | 0.46 |
| Treatment for high cholesterol, N (%) | 59 (11.6) | 24 (4.3) | <0.0001 |
| Treatment for hypertension, N (%) | 235 (46.0) | 95 (16.8) | <0.0001 |
| Hormone therapy use, N (%) | 141 (27.6) | 243 (43.2) | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | |||
| Total | 215.0 (193.0, 245.0) | 214 (188, 240) | 0.12 |
| Low density lipoprotein | 130.3 (108.0, 152.8) | 125.4 (107.0, 148.8) | 0.18 |
| High density lipoprotein | 41.4 (35.0, 50.0) | 51.6 (43.0, 62.1) | <0.0001 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 4.79 (2.57, 8.34) | 2.16 (0.94, 4.61) | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.00 (5.97, 8.38) | 5.02 (4.86, 5.20) | <0.0001 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min | 53.7 (44.8, 66.2) | 46.9 (39.4, 57.2) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.