Table 6.

Comparison of mean scores and changes in plasma TNF-alpha levels in yoga and control groups before and after surgery

	TNF-alpha levels (pg/ml)
Outcome measures	Pre surgery	Post surgery	Change pre-to post-	Z scores on Wilcoxons test
Control, n = 36
Mean ± S.D	18.5 ±52.1	26 ± 53.5*	-7.5± 14.9	-1.97 a*
Yoga, n = 33
Mean ± S.D	11.7±13.3	8.5±7.2	3.2±10.1	-0.914
Z scores for Mann Whitney Test	–	–	-3.52	–
†P value (Two tailed)	–	–	< 0.001	–

^*P < 0.05, P value for non parametric Wilcoxons Signed rank test

^†P value for non parametric Mann Whitney U test.