Table 2.

Effect of the timing of malaria infections on low birth weight and mean birth weight^*

Malaria infection	Mean birth weight after MICE (g)	Univariate analysis†			Multivariate‡ analysis†
		Mean difference (g)	95% CI	P	Mean difference (g)	95% CI	P
0–4 months of gestation
Positive (N = 133)	2865.9	−171.4	[−188.5, −154.3]	< 0.001§	−98.5	[−188.5, −8.5]	0.03§
Negative (N = 425)	3037.3
5–6 months of gestation
Positive (N = 126)	2978.2	−23.9	[−43.4, −4.3]	0.02§	35.4	[−41.7, 112.5]	0.37
Negative(N = 669)	3002.1
> 6 months of gestation
Positive (N = 400)	2932.2	−136	[−150.4, −121.6]	< 0.001§	−21.9	[−82.2, 38.5]	0.48
Negative (N = 380)	3068.2
Malaria infection	% of LBW after MICE	OR	95% CI	P	aOR	95% CI	P
0–4 months of gestation
Positive (N = 133)	15.6	1.7	[0.9, 3.3]	0.08	1.2	[0.6, 2.6]	0.57
Negative (N = 425)	9.5
5–6 months of gestation
Positive (N = 126)	12.6	1.2	[0.7, 2.2]	0.5	1.02	[0.5, 2.0]	0.9
Negative (N = 669)	10.5
> 6 months of gestation
Positive (N = 400)	14.8	2.4	[1.5, 3.9]	< 0.001§	1.4	[0.8, 2.5]	0.2
Negative (N = 380)	6.7

^*MICE = method of multiple imputation by chain equations; LBW = low birth weight.

^†Reference class is Negative malaria infection.

^‡Adjusted for parity, newborn's sex, rainy season at delivery, maternal body mass index (BMI), education, duration of gestation, number of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) intakes, number of consultations, and use of bed net.

^§Statistically significant results (P < 0.05).