FIG. 1.

Inulin stimulates glucose uptake and activates both PI3-K/Akt and AMPK in C2C12 myotubes. C2C12 myotubes were incubated with the indicated concentrations of inulin for 1 hour or with 1 mg/mL inulin for the indicated time periods. (A) Glucose uptake was measured as described in Materials and Methods. Data are mean ± SD values for two independent assays performed in triplicate. (B and C) Protein extracts were prepared and subjected to western blot assay using anti-phosphospecific ACC-Ser⁷⁹ (p-ACC), total ACC (ACC), anti-phosphospecific AMPK-Thr¹⁷² (p-AMPK), total AMPK (AMPK-α), anti-phosphospecific Akt-Ser⁴⁷³ (p-Akt), and total Akt (AKT) antibodies, varying (B) inulin concentration or (C) incubation time. Experiments were repeated three times with similar results, and a representative result is shown.