Table 1.
Respondent Characteristics and Bivariable Associations With Major Depression, New York Social Environment Study, New York, New York, 2005
| No. | % | 2000 New York Census Data, % | Major Depression |
|||
| No. | % | P Value | ||||
| Total | 4,000 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 155 | 3.7 | |
| Age, years | 0.62 | |||||
| 18–24 | 350 | 11.8 | 13.2 | 14 | 4.1 | |
| 25–34 | 685 | 18.1 | 22.5 | 26 | 3.4 | |
| 35–44 | 815 | 19.5 | 20.8 | 28 | 2.8 | |
| 45–54 | 808 | 21.4 | 16.7 | 37 | 4.5 | |
| 55–64 | 612 | 14.9 | 11.3 | 27 | 4.3 | |
| ≥65 | 690 | 14.4 | 15.5 | 23 | 3.4 | |
| Missing | 40 | |||||
| Race | 0.48 | |||||
| White | 1,616 | 38.2 | 38.7 | 52 | 3.3 | |
| African-American | 1,055 | 27.0 | 23.0 | 41 | 3.6 | |
| Asian | 164 | 5.1 | 10.1 | 3 | 2.3 | |
| Hispanic | 958 | 27.2 | 24.7 | 50 | 4.4 | |
| Other | 95 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 6 | 6.8 | |
| Missing | 112 | |||||
| Sex | 0.24 | |||||
| Male | 1,880 | 48.9 | 46.2 | 61 | 3.3 | |
| Female | 2,120 | 51.1 | 53.8 | 94 | 4.1 | |
| Marital status | –a | <0.01 | ||||
| Married | 1,632 | 47.3 | 36 | 2.3 | ||
| Divorced | 479 | 9.6 | 24 | 5.4 | ||
| Separated | 208 | 4.7 | 23 | 10.2 | ||
| Widowed | 354 | 6.7 | 17 | 4.6 | ||
| Never married | 1,270 | 31.7 | 54 | 4.2 | ||
| Missing | 57 | |||||
| Birthplace | – | 0.86 | ||||
| New York, New York | 1,810 | 44.7 | 73 | 3.9 | ||
| Other US location | 731 | 16.1 | 25 | 3.4 | ||
| Different country | 1,406 | 39.2 | 55 | 3.6 | ||
| Missing | 53 | |||||
| Interview conducted in Spanish | – | 0.69 | ||||
| Yes | 455 | 13.4 | 20 | 4.1 | ||
| No | 3,545 | 86.6 | 135 | 3.6 | ||
| Annual income | – | <0.01 | ||||
| ≤$40,000 | 1,605 | 46.5 | 96 | 5.3 | ||
| $40,001–$80,000 | 1,093 | 32.0 | 29 | 2.8 | ||
| >$80,000 | 722 | 21.6 | 8 | 1.3 | ||
| Missing | 580 | |||||
| Educational level | – | <0.01 | ||||
| Less than high school | 508 | 13.9 | 39 | 7.7 | ||
| High school or equivalent | 923 | 24.7 | 43 | 3.8 | ||
| Some college | 879 | 23.2 | 36 | 4.1 | ||
| College graduate | 883 | 21.6 | 20 | 2.1 | ||
| Graduate work | 730 | 16.6 | 14 | 1.6 | ||
| Missing | 77 | |||||
| Years lived in the current neighborhood | – | 0.45 | ||||
| <8 | 1,330 | 34.4 | 49 | 3.1 | ||
| 8–21 | 1,318 | 34.0 | 54 | 3.9 | ||
| >21 | 1,335 | 31.6 | 51 | 4.1 | ||
| Missing | 17 | |||||
| Unemployed | – | <0.01 | ||||
| Yes | 321 | 8.5 | 27 | 7.4 | ||
| No | 3,658 | 91.5 | 128 | 3.4 | ||
| Illness or injury starting or worsening in the past 12 months | – | <0.01 | ||||
| Yes | 624 | 14.4 | 64 | 9.1 | ||
| No | 3,376 | 85.6 | 91 | 2.8 | ||
| Financial problems in the past 12 months | – | <0.01 | ||||
| Yes | 867 | 21.7 | 93 | 9.6 | ||
| No | 3,133 | 78.3 | 62 | 2.1 | ||
| Neighborhood collective efficacy | – | 0.05 | ||||
| Quartile 1 | 803 | 19.6 | 45 | 5.3 | ||
| Quartile 2 | 1,023 | 26.1 | 42 | 4.0 | ||
| Quartile 3 | 1,067 | 26.8 | 39 | 3.5 | ||
| Quartile 4 | 1,107 | 27.5 | 29 | 2.5 | ||
a
Dashes indicate that no data are available.