Table 2.

Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for colorectal polyp types in relation to cigarette smoking, red meat consumption and preparation, and mEH polymorphisms.

	Controls	Adenomas			Hyperplastic Polyps			Both Types of Polyps

	N	N	OR	95% CI	N	OR	95% CI	N	OR	95% CI
Servings red meat/wk^a
0 (ref)	101	54	1.00		69	1.00		23	1.00
1–3	415	281	1.25	0.86–1.82	383	1.41	0.99–1.99	118	1.49	0.85–2.35
>3	224	181	1.19	0.80–1.78	231	1.34	0.92–1.94	83	1.31	0.73–2.35
p-trend			0.58			0.32			0.70
Red meat prep^a
No red meat (ref)	101	54	1.00		69	1.00		23	1.00
Lightly browned	89	67	1.38	0.87–2.19	91	1.42	0.93–2.18	32	1.62	0.85–3.10
Medium browned	400	273	1.28	0.89–1.84	367	1.36	0.97–1.90	117	1.42	0.84–2.43
Heavily browned/Blackened	169	121	1.35	0.89–2.02	156	1.34	0.92–1.96	52	1.44	0.80–2.59
p-trend			0.38			0.21			0.76
Smoking pack-yrs^a
0 (ref)	459	277	1.00		353	1.00		105	1.00
0.01–21.99	225	151	1.10	0.85–1.43	210	1.28	1.01–1.63	61	1.10	0.76–1.59
≥22	81	84	1.65	1.15–2.37	123	2.36	1.69–3.30	58	2.80	1.82–4.32
p-trend			0.02			<0.01			<0.01
Smoking status^a
Never (ref)	459	277	1.00		353	1.00		105	1.00
Former	280	211	1.19	0.93–1.53	274	1.38	1.09–1.73	90	1.24	0.88–1.75
Current	32	31	1.62	0.94–2.77	64	2.87	1.80–4.58	32	3.90	2.19–6.93
p-trend			0.05			<0.01			<0.01
mEH Exon 3^b
Tyr/Tyr (Fast) (ref)	281	201	1.00		242	1.00		77	1.00
His/Tyr (Medium)	252	163	0.91	0.70–1.19	225	1.03	0.81–1.33	82	1.19	0.83–1.70
His/His (Slow)	56	33	0.83	0.52–1.32	51	1.05	0.69–1.59	14	0.89	0.47–1.69
p-trend			0.30			0.39			0.78
mEH Exon 4^b
His/His (Slow) (ref)	379	248	1.00		323	1.00		102	1.00
Arg/His (Medium)	193	130	1.02	0.77–1.34	173	1.04	0.81–1.34	63	1.19	0.83–1.71
Arg/Arg (Fast)	17	19	1.77	0.90–3.49	22	1.55	0.81–2.98	8	1.85	0.77–4.43
p-trend			0.29			0.30			0.13
Predicted mEH activity^b,^c
Slow (ref)	224	138	1.00		192	1.00		64	1.00
Medium	247	172	1.14	0.86–1.53	222	1.05	0.80–1.37	71	1.02	0.69–1.50
Fast	118	87	1.21	0.85–1.71	104	1.03	0.75–1.44	38	1.13	0.71–1.80
p-trend			0.26			0.80			0.62

Adjusted for age, gender, race, education, BMI, alcohol intake, NSAIDs use, and hormone therapy use.

Additionally, meat analyses are adjusted for smoking pack-years and smoking analyses adjusted for servings of fried, broiled, or grilled red meat per week (N=2209)

Adjusted for age, sex, race (N=1677)

Predicted mEH activity is based on the classification by Benhamou, et el. (36)