Table 7.

Efficacy studies of antipsychotic in acute psychosis

Authors	Duration (weeks)	Sample size/scale/design	Medication (s)	Dose (s) mg	Outcome	Side effects
Mokashi and Chandorkar[78]	5 days	N = 60; DBPCT, Consecutive sampling, Acute psychosis	TPZ CPZ vs. PBO	TPZ 15 CPZ 50	In the TPZ group, 17 subjects had relief of symptoms, 1 showed good improvement, 1 partial improvement and 1 no improvement In the CPZ group, 8 subjects had relief of symptoms, 2 showed good improvement; 7 showed partial improvement and 3 no improvement In the placebo group, 4 subjects had relief of symptoms, 1 showed good improvement, 2 partial improvement and 13 no improvement TPZ was more effective than CPZ in overactivity, agitation and over talkativeness Male subjects showed better response than female subjects	The hypokinetic hypertonic reaction was noted in 8 cases receiving TPZ and in 4 cases receiving CPZ group All cases in both groups responded to phenargan Hypotension was noted in one case under CPZ group Placebo did not show any side reaction In none of the cases the trial had to be abandoned due to toxic reaction
Fernandes et al.[74]	8	N = 46; ATP, BPRS	Inj Zuclo phenthixol	Zuclo penthixol acetate-50-250 Zuclo penthixol-200-600	Zuclopenthixol Acetate (acuphase) -category of severely ill reduced from 55% to 20.8% at 72 hours Mildly ill category increased from 0.8% to 15% during the same period CGI very much improved and much improved - 27% at 24 hours and 34% at 72 hours Zuclopenthixol Decanoate (depot)-CGI “very much Improved- 10% of the cases at the baseline, in 24% at 4 weeks and in 35% at 8 weeks BPRS scores also showed significant reduction from a mean total score of 58 at the baseline to 39 at 4 weeks and 36 at 8 weeks	Neurological S/E (tremors, rigidity, hypokinesia, dystonia, akathesia, hyperkinesia), depression, asthenia, increased salivation, sedation, hypotension, headache.
Chaudhuri et al.[60]	4	N = 35; ICD-10 ATP, SBRCT, BPRS, GAF	Risp vs. HPL	Risp-4 HPL-15	There was no significant difference in lowering of BPRS score in the two groups. Subjects in both the groups had significant reduction in BPRS at 4 weeks compared to baseline rating.	All patients in HPL group and 40% patients in Risp group required THF More subjects in the Risp group required lorazepam (for sedation), propranolol (for akathisia) and parenteral diazepam as compared to HPL group

DBPCT - Double blind placebo controlled trial; TPZ - Thioproperazine; CPZ - Chlorpromazine; PBO - Placebo; ATP - Acute and transient psychotic disorder; CGI - clinical global impression scale; BPRS - Brief psychiatric rating scale; SBRCT - Single blind randomized controlled trial; GAF - Global assessment of functioning; Risp - Risperidone; HPL- Haloperidol; THF- Trihexyphenidyl