FIGURE 1.

Left, Hollow trochar with obturator (first object) for perforating chest wall allows penetration of the chest wall through a small (<1 cm) incision, removal of the inner obturator, and passage of the Gaab straight lens endoscope with engineered attached monopolar cautery probe (second object). Pencil and tape measure provide perspectives of size. The Mayo engineered hollow trochar with blunt perforating obturator removed mates perfectly with the engineered endoscope/cautery unit. Right: upper, Position of patient at surgery; lower, Single small incision and uniportal access with endoscope and cautery combined.