Table 4.
Results of Gram stain, culture, and real-time PCR for detection of S. suis serotype 2, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type b, and N. meningitidis on CSF samples, and blood culture, prospective study
| No. of positive specimens |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSF Gram stain (n = 247) | CSF culture (n = 247) | CSF PCR (n = 238) | Blood culture (n = 222) | Total (N = 248) | |
| S. suis serotype 2 | 50 | 61a | 101a | 34 | 107 |
| S. suis serotype 14 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| S. suis untypeable | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| N. meningitidis | 4 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 11 |
| S. pneumoniae | 9 | 16 | 37b | 8 | 39 |
| H. influenzae, nontypeable | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Streptococcus bovis | 1 | 1 | ndc | 0 | 1 |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| β-Hemolytic streptococci | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Nonhemolytic streptococci | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| Escherichia coli | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 2 | 4 | 0d | 1 | 4 |
| Acinetobacter spp. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Enterococcus avium | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Listeria spp. | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| Salmonella spp. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 73 | 103 | 149 | 58 | 183 |
nd = not done.
a
CSF samples were unavailable for PCR for 6 patients.
b
S. pneumoniae-specific PCR was negative in 1 patient; CSF sample unavailable for PCR for 1 patient.
c
CSF sample unavailable for PCR.
d
CSF sample unavailable for PCR for 2 patients.