Table 2.
Association between IL-18 (thirds) and cardiovascular risk factors in the coronary heart disease control sample (n = 1237).
| Thirds of IL-18 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low 29–233 pg/mL (n = 411) |
Middle 234–345 pg/mL (n = 413) |
High 346–2068 pg/mL (n = 414) |
p (trend), adjusted for age and town | ||||
| Mean or n | SE or % | Mean or n | SE or % | Mean or n | SE or % | ||
| Age | 52.5 | 0.3 | 52.1 | 0.3 | 52.8 | 0.3 | 0.609 |
| Current smoker (n, %) | 133 | 32.4 | 188 | 45.7 | 200 | 48.3 | <0.001 |
| >2 drinks alcohol/day (n, %) | 98 | 23.8 | 86 | 20.9 | 94 | 22.7 | 0.558 |
| Evidence of CHD at entry (n, %) | 106 | 25.8 | 113 | 27.4 | 108 | 26.1 | 0.773 |
| History of diabetes at baseline (n, %) | 7 | 1.7 | 6 | 1.5 | 6 | 1.5 | 0.770 |
| Non-manual occupations (n, %) | 181 | 45.1 | 145 | 36.4 | 139 | 34.3 | 0.016 |
| Physical Activity (inactive/occasional) (n, %) | 152 | 37.7 | 169 | 41.6 | 172 | 41.8 | 0.656 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.1 | 0.2 | 25.5 | 0.2 | 25.6 | 0.2 | 0.052 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 144.6 | 1.0 | 146.9 | 1.0 | 148.4 | 1.0 | 0.033 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 81.0 | 0.6 | 83.8 | 0.6 | 83.4 | 0.6 | 0.018 |
| FEV1 [adjusted] (L/min)a | 3.26 | 0.04 | 3.20 | 0.04 | 3.16 | 0.04 | 0.617 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 6.14 | 0.05 | 6.23 | 0.05 | 6.21 | 0.05 | 0.394 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.20 | 0.01 | 1.15 | 0.01 | 1.11 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)b | 0.19 | 0.01 | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.26 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Haematocrit (%) | 41.91 | 0.45 | 42.79 | 0.45 | 42.45 | 0.45 | 0.700 |
| Homocysteine (mmol/L)b | 1.10 | 0.01 | 1.12 | 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.011 |
| Insulin (mU/L)b | 1.07 | 0.02 | 1.05 | 0.02 | 1.13 | 0.02 | 0.032 |
| Glucose (mmol/L)b | 0.74 | 0.004 | 0.74 | 0.004 | 0.74 | 0.004 | 0.690 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L)b | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.03 | <0.001 |
| Serum amyloid A protein (mg/L)b | 0.81 | 0.02 | 0.83 | 0.02 | 0.88 | 0.02 | 0.003 |
| White cell count (109/L)b | 0.83 | 0.01 | 0.85 | 0.01 | 0.85 | 0.01 | 0.011 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 44.7 | 0.1 | 44.6 | 0.1 | 44.3 | 0.1 | 0.003 |
| Globulin (g/L) | 28.9 | 0.2 | 28.9 | 0.2 | 29.3 | 0.2 | 0.101 |
| E-selectin (ng/mL)b | 1.74 | 0.01 | 1.77 | 0.01 | 1.82 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| P-selectin (ng/mL)b | 2.00 | 0.01 | 2.01 | 0.01 | 2.07 | 0.01 | 0.001 |
| ICAM 1 (ng/mL)b | 2.43 | 0.01 | 2.47 | 0.01 | 2.52 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| VCAM 1 (ng/mL)b | 2.62 | 0.01 | 2.64 | 0.01 | 2.66 | 0.01 | 0.008 |
| von Willebrand factor (IU/dL)b | 2.00 | 0.01 | 2.01 | 0.01 | 2.05 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Fibrin D-dimer (ng/mL)b | 1.86 | 0.02 | 1.88 | 0.02 | 1.93 | 0.02 | 0.008 |
| t-PA (ng/mL)b | 0.97 | 0.01 | 1.01 | 0.01 | 1.06 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL)b | 0.31 | 0.01 | 0.36 | 0.01 | 0.41 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
a
FEV adjusted for [(cohort mean height)2/height2].
b
Values are transformed to log base 10.