Table 3.
Univariate and multivariable analysis of determinants of bed net use in children < 5 years old living in households owning at least one net
| Total1,2 | Univariate analysis | Multivariable Analysis3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n(%) | OR (95%CI) | p-value4 | OR (95%CI) | p-value4 | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1896 | 1445(76.21) | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 1927 | 1489(77.27) | 1.06(0.90-1.24) | 0.45 | ||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| < 1 | 795 | 656(82.52) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1 | 800 | 643(80.38) | 0.87(0.71-1.06) | 0.82(0.64-1.04) | ||
| 2 | 770 | 568(73.77) | 0.60(0.46-0.77) | < 0.001 | 0.57(0.44-0.75) | < 0.001 |
| 3 | 768 | 556(72.40) | 0.56(0.44-0.71) | 0.50(0.39-0.65) | ||
| 4 | 690 | 511(74.06) | 0.60(0.44-0.84) | 0.56(0.41-0.76) | ||
| Socio-economic Status | ||||||
| 1st quintile | 670 | 498(74.33) | 1.00 | |||
| 2nd quintile | 760 | 588(77.37) | 1.18(0.86-1.61) | |||
| 3rd quintile | 790 | 626(79.24) | 1.32(0.87-2.01) | 0.45 | ||
| 4th quintile | 817 | 635(77.72) | 1.21(0.82-1.78) | |||
| 5th quintile | 786 | 587(74.68) | 1.01(0.71-1.46) | |||
| Area | ||||||
| Urban | 1793 | 1456(81.20) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Rural | 2030 | 1478(72.81) | 0.62(0.42-0.91) | 0.018 | 0.32(0.28-0.68) | 0.001 |
| Year | ||||||
| 2008 | 2248 | 1863(82.87) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 2009 | 1575 | 1071(68.00) | 0.44(0.33-0.58) | < 0.001 | 0.44(0.32-0.56) | < 0.001 |
| Sick in last 14 days | ||||||
| No | 3266 | 2487(76.15) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 549 | 440(80.15) | 1.26(0.98-1.61) | 0.061 | 1.32(1.03-1.69) | 0.030 |
| Malaria transmitted by mosquitos6 | ||||||
| No | 498 | 412(82.73) | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 2815 | 2157(76.63) | 0.68(0.43-1.08) | 0.097 | ||
| Malaria prevented by bednets6 | ||||||
| No | 679 | 478(70.40) | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 3144 | 2456(78.12) | 1.50(1.12-2.00) | 0.009 | ||
| Is fever a symptom of malaria?6 | ||||||
| No | 671 | 516(76.90) | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 3148 | 2414(76.68) | 0.99(0.76-1.29) | 0.96 | ||
| House Sprayed last year? | ||||||
| No | 660 | 494(74.85) | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 2860 | 2214(77.41) | 1.15(0.87-1.52) | 0.29 | ||
| Type of eaves | ||||||
| Not Open | 2295 | 1768(77.04) | 1.00 | |||
| Open | 1526 | 1164(76.28) | 0.96(0.66-1.38) | 0.81 | ||
| Age of head of household | ||||||
| < 30 | 938 | 730(77.83) | 1.00 | |||
| 30-44 | 1614 | 1264(78.31) | 1.02(0.75-1.41) | 0.13 | ||
| > 44 | 1189 | 877(73.76) | 0.80(0.54-1.18) | |||
| Education of head of household | ||||||
| None | 156 | 97(62.18) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1-4 | 353 | 272(77.05) | 2.04(1.28-3.26) | 0.043 | 1.58(1.00-2.50) | 0.09 |
| 5-9 | 2139 | 1642(76.76) | 2.01(1.17-3.45) | 1.70(0.99-2.91) | ||
| > 9 | 1070 | 839(78.41) | 2.21(1.15-4.26) | 1.58(0.86-2.92) | ||
| At least one ITN in the household | ||||||
| No | 782 | 398(50.90) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 3041 | 2536(83.39) | 4.85(3.61-6.51) | < 0.001 | 20085: 3.37(2.20-5.19) | < 0.001 |
| 20095: 6.64(4.03-10.9) | < 0.001 | |||||
Crude Odds Ratios (OR) and adjusted OR of the effect of each variable on the likelihood of sleeping under a bed net the night before of the survey (n = 3823).
1Only children under 5 from households which owned at least one net were included.
2For the purpose of this analysis, missing data in any of the variables analysed were excluded.
3Adjusted Odds Ratios and p values using a multiple regression model adjusting for all variables presented in the model.
4P values obtained through Wald Tests.
5Adjusted Odds Ratios using a model adjusting for all the variables of the model and the interaction of this variable with "year". The p-value for the test of interaction of "year" with "owning at least one ITN" was 0.02
6Knowledge questions asked to the household interviewee.