Genetic organization of waaP in wild type, CDR0031, and CDR0060. (A) The four proposed LPS kinase genes waaP, wapP, wapQ, and PA5006 are annotated as a single operon among other LPS synthesis genes in P. aeruginosa PAO1. (B and C) Genetic arrangement of arabinose-regulated LPS kinase strains; the arabinose promoter (pBAD) controls expression of waaP in strain CDR0031 (B) and expression of wapP, wapQ, and PA5006 in strain CDR0060 (C). The arabinose-regulated copy of waaP in CDR0031 was inserted at a nonessential chromosomal att site, and the native copy of waaP was insertionally inactivated by a gentamicin resistance cartridge. Expression of waaP in CDR0060 is controlled by its native promoter upstream of waaF as in panel A, and a second waaP copy, generated by pBAD18M2 integration into the chromosome, is arabinose controlled.