Table 1.
Retrograde studies of auditory branched projections.
| System | Study and species | Method | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thalamocortical | Middlebrooks and Zook (1983), Cat | EI band in AI: NY EE band in AI: PI (same CF) |
MGv: none mentioned (n = 3) |
| Middle EE band in AI: NY Ventral EE band in AI: PI (same CF) |
MGv: no %, but reported (n = 1) | ||
| Morel and Imig (1987), Cat | AI: HRP AAF: 3H-BSA |
MGv: 6.5 (n = 5, 6 sections) RP: 6.0 (n = 6, 5 sections) MGv: 6.4 (n = 1, 2 sections) |
|
| AI: 3H-HRP P: BSA |
|||
| Brandner and Redies (1990), Cat | Dorsal AI: NY Ventral and/or central AI: Bb NY and Bb along AI isofrequency contour |
MGv: no %, mentioned in one case (n = 4) MGv: none mentioned (n = 2) |
|
| Kurokawa and Saito (1995), Rat | Te3: FG Fr1: FB Te1: NY Fr1: FB |
MGd: 0 (n = 6) MGd: 0 (n = 6) |
|
| Namura et al. (1997), Rat | Dorsal perirhinal: DY Lateral amygdaloid nucleus: FB |
PIN: 3.3 MGd1: 5 SPFp: 11.3 SPFm: 6.0 MGm: 1.2 (n = 1) |
|
| Ventral perirhinal: DY Lateral amygdaloid nucleus: FB |
PIN: 1.7 MGd: 2.1 SPFp: 3.7 SPFm: 0 MGm: 0 (n = 1) |
||
| Te1: DY Lateral amygdaloid nucleus: FB |
0 (n = 7) | ||
| Perirhinal: DY Central amygdaloid nucleus: FB |
0 (n = 3) | ||
| Kishan et al. (2008), Cat | AI: CTβ AAF: CTβG Injected in frequency – matched loci AI Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart AII Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart Te Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 1.7 mm apart In Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart |
MGd: 1.5 MGm: 2.1 MGv: 1.4 RP: 2.8 (n = 4) MGd: 1.2 MGm: 2.8 MGv: 0.6 RP: 0 (n = 1) MGd: 2.2 MGm: 3.9 MGv: 2.1 RP: 4.5 (n = 1) MGd: 6.7 MGm: 4.9 MGv: 5.8 RP: 0.00 (n = 1) MGd: 3.9 MGm: 5.1 MGv: 1.4 RP: 0.00 (n = 1) |
|
| Corticocortical | Rüttgers et al. (1990), Rat | DY and FB in regions of terminations of homotopic and heterotopic commissural projections | AI: no %, but reported |
| Kishan et al. (2008), Cat | AI: CTβ AAF: CTβG Injected in frequency – matched loci AI Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart from each other AII Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart from each other Te Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 1.7 mm apart from each other In Injected CTβ, CTβG at sites 3.3 mm apart from each other |
AI (i): 0.8 AAF (i): 0.6 AI (c): 0.8 AAF (c): 0.6 (n = 4) AI (i): 0.1 AI (c): 1.4 (n = 1) AII (i): 1.5 AII (c): 3.7 (n = 1) Te (i): 1.3 Te (c): 1.8 (n = 1) In (i): 0.6 In (c): 1.1 (n = 1) |
|
| Corticofugal | Wong and Kelly (1981), Cat | MG: HRP or NY Contra AI: NY or HRP IC: HRP or NY MG: NY or HRP |
AI, layer V: 0 (n = 12) AI, layer V: 0 (n = 4) |
| Crabtree (1998), Cat | MGv, ventrolateral: FB or NY MGd: FB or NY MGv, pars ovoidea: FB or NY MGm: FB or NY |
TRN: no %, always saw DLs (n = 3) TRN: no %, always saw DLs (n = 3) | |
| Moriizumi and Hattori, 1991a, Rat | IC: TB Caudal striatum: DY |
AI, layer V: 6.4% of IC projecting cells (n = 4, pooled) | |
| Doucet et al. (2002), Rat | CoN: FB SOC: DY |
AI: <10% (n = 2, pooled) | |
| Doucet et al. (2003), Rat | CoN: FB IC: DY SOC: FB IC: DY |
AI: 10–20 (n = 4) AI: 10–20 (n = 3) |
|
| Coomes et al. (2005), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FG, red/green beads into both IC | Layer V of AC: 5.2 (n = 5) | |
| Brain stem | Adams (1983b), Cat | DCoN (c): EB or NY IC: HRP or EB (frequency matched with anatomical position) |
VCoN (i): no %, but reported (n = 2) |
| Schofield (1994), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FG, green beads into CoN and IC CoN (i), IC (c) or CoN (c), IC (i) (same tracers) | MTB: <1% (n = 3) MTB: <1% (n = 13) |
|
| Li and Mizuno (1997a), Rat | CoN: FG VB (c): TMRDA |
Dorsal column (i): 50.7% of CoN-projecting STN: 30% of CoN-projecting (n = 1, from figure) |
|
| Doucet and Ryugo (2006), Rat | DCoN: BDA CoN (c): DY (large) |
VCoN: 3.6% of planar multipolar No % for RC-multipolar, but reported (n = 3) |
|
| IC afferents | Glendenning and Masterton (1983), Cat | Various combinations of DB, NY, Bb, PI, and DPD into both IC | LSO: 2% (n = 18) |
| Tanaka et al. (1985), Rat | DAPI and PI into both IC IC: PI or DAPI SC: DAPI or PI |
LL: no %, but reported (n = 3) LL: 0 (n = 3) |
|
| Willard and Martin (1984), Opossum | TB and NY into both IC | AC: 6 CoN: <3% Dorsal columns: 6.67–12 DLL: <5 LSO core: 20–25% MSO: 100% (n = 8) |
|
| Moriizumi and Hattori (1991), Rat | AC (widely): TB IC: DY |
Caudal globus pallidus: 0 (n = 2) | |
| Schofield (1991), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FG, green beads into CoN and IC | SPN: 1.7% of IC-projecting 3.3% of CoN-projecting (n = 3) |
|
| Schofield and Cant (1992), Guinea pig | CoN (i), IC (c) or CoN (c), IC (i) (same tracers) Various combinations of FB, FG, green beads into both IC |
SPN: 0 (n = 4 each) DLPO, LTB: <1% LSO, MSO: 0 (n = 4) |
|
| Schofield and Cant (1996a), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FG, red/green beads into CoN (c) and IC | DCoN: 68.4% to IC (i) also project to IC (c) VCoN: 0 | |
| Merchán and Berbel (1996), Rat | High frequency CNIC: HRP Low frequency CNIC: Biocytin |
VLL: no %, very few reported | |
| Li and Mizuno (1997b), Rat | VB: TMRDA La: FG |
Dorsal column nuclei and STN: no %, many reported (n = 8) | |
| Li and Mizuno (1997a), Rat | CoN (i): FG IC (c): TMRDA CoN (c): FG IC (c): TMRDA |
Gr: 60% of CoN-projecting Cu: 72.4% of CoN-projecting STN: 42.9% of CoN-projecting (n = 1, from figure) Gr: 60% of CoN-projecting Cu: 61.5% of CoN-projecting STN: 36.4% of CoN-projecting (n = 1, from figure) |
|
| IC efferents | Hashikawa (1983), Cat | CoN: PI, NY, Pr, or Bb MG: PI, NY, Pr, or Bb CoN: PI, NY, Pr, or Bb MG (c): PI, NY, Pr, or Bb PN: PI, NY, Pr, or Bb SC: PI, NY, Pr, or Bb |
IC: 0 (n = 1) IC: 0 (n = 1) IC: <1% (n = 1) |
| González-Hernández et al. (1991), Rat | IC (c): NY MG: FB |
IC: 5–10% of tectothalamic (n = 7) | |
| Schofield (2001), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FG, red/green beads into both CoN | IC: <1% (n = 12) | |
| Coomes and Schofield (2004), Guinea pig | Various combinations of FB, FD, FG, FR, red/green beads into CoN, MG CoN (c), MG (i) (same tracers) CoN (i), MG (c) (same tracers) CoN (c), MG (c) (same tracers) CoN (c), MG (c) (same tracers) |
IC: <1% (n = 6) IC: <1% (n = 5) IC: <1% (n = 3) IC: 0 (n = 4) IC: 0 (n = 4) |
|
| Okoyama et al. (2006), Rat | FG and FR into MG and CoN FG and FR into IC (c), MG FG and FR into CoN, IC (c) |
IC: 0 (n = 11) IC: <1% (n = 8) IC: 0 (n = 10) |
|
| FG and FR into both CoN FG and FR into CoN (c), SOC |
IC: 0 (n = 6) IC: 0 (n = 3) |
1Originally counted as being part of the suprageniculate nucleus, which is considered as part of the MGd; c, contralateral; i, ipsilateral; 3H-BSA, tritiated bovine serum albumin; AAF, anterior auditory field; AC, auditory cortex; AI, primary auditory area; AII, second auditory cortex; Bb, bisbenzimide; BSA, bovine serum albumin; CoN, cochlear nucleus; CN, central nucleus of the IC; CTβ, β subunit of cholera toxin; CTβG, gold conjugate of CTβ; Cu, cuneate nucleus; DCoN, dorsal CN; DLPO, dorsolateral periolivary nucleus; DNLL, dorsal nucleus of the LL; DY, diamidino yellow; EB, Evans blue; EE, excitatory–excitatory band; EI, excitatory–inhibitory response band; FB, fast blue; FD, fluorescein–dextran; FG, fluorogold; FR, fluororuby; Fr1, frontal cortex; Gr, gracile nucleus; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; IC, inferior colliculus; La, lateral nucleus of the IC; In, insular cortex; LL, lateral lemniscus; LTB, lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body; LOC, lateral olivocochlear neurons; LSO, lateral superior olive; MG, medial geniculate body; MGd, dorsal division of the MG; MGm, medial division of the MG; MGv, ventral division of the MGv; MTB, medial nucleus of the trapezoid body; MOC, medial olivocochlear system; MSO, medial superior olive; NY, nuclear yellow; PI, propidium iodide; PIN, posterior intralaminar nucleus; PN, pontine nuclei; Pr, primulin; RC-multipolar, radiate multipolar cells projecting contralaterally; RP, rostral pole of the MG; SC, superior colliculus; SOC, superior olivary complex; SPFm, medial portion of the subparafascicular nucleus; SPFp, posterior portion of the subparafascicular nucleus; STN, spinal trigeminal nucleus; TB, true blue; Te, temporal cortex; Te1, primary auditory area; Te3, non-auditory temporal cortex; TMRDA, tetramethylrhodamine–dextran amine; TRN, thalamic reticular nucleus; VCN, ventral CN; VNLL, ventral nucleus of the LL.