Table 1.

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients by Patient Characteristics and Risk Histories.

Characteristic or Lifetime History	No. (%)	% HCV Positive*	Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)*	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)†
All Participants	2,933 (100)	9.9
Age (years)
<60	1,288 (43.9)	17.0	4.7 (3.2–6.9)	2.0 (1.4–2.8)
≥60	1,645 (56.1)	4.2	1.0	1.0
Gender
Male	1605 (55.1)	11.6	1.6 (1.2–2.2)	0.7 (0.5–1.01)
Female	1307 (44.9)	7.4	1.0	1.0
Race/Ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	1,231 (42.6)	4.7	1.0	1.0
Black, non-Hispanic	1,264 (43.7)	16.9	4.1 (3.0–5.5)	2.7 (2.1–3.6)
Hispanic	267 (9.2)	4.7	1.0 (0.5–2.2)	1.0 (0.5–1.9)
Other, non-Hispanic	131 (4.5)	4.1	0.9 (0.3–2.4)	0.4 (0.1–2.3)
Years on hemodialysis
≥2	1634 (55.8)	11.7	1.6 (1.2–2.1)	1.3 (0.9–1.8)
<2	1297 (44.3)	7.7	1.0	1.0
Number facilities attended
1 (study facility)	2206 (75.8)	8.4	1.0	1.0
2	559 (19.2)	13.0	1.6 (1.2–2.2)	0.9 (0.4–1.9)
≥3	144 (5.0)	19.7	2.7 (1.4–5.1)	2.3 (1.2–4.4)
Blood transfusion before 1992
Yes	592 (20.2)	14.4	1.8 (1.4–2.2)	2.3 (1.2–4.4)
No	2341 (79.8)	8.8	1.0	1.0
Kidney transplant before 1992
Yes	72 (2.5)	22.2	2.7 (1.2–5.9)	2.7 (1.7–4.2)
No	2861 (97.6)	9.6	1.0
Injecting drug use
Yes	125 (4.3)	84.5	Infinite	Not applicable
No	2781 (95.7)	6.5	1.0
Intranasal drug use
Yes	267 (9.2)	40.1	9.3 (7.1–12.2)	1.6 (0.9–2.5)
No	2652 (90.9)	6.7	1.0	1.0
Number opposite sex partners
≥25	376 (14.5)	23.0	3.5 (2.4–5.2)	1.9 (1.2–2.9)
<25	2224 (85.5)	7.8	1.0	1.0

^*Univariate analysis adjusted for complex sampling design.

^†Calculated using multivariate regression, including adjustment for complex sampling design, after excluding participants with a history of injecting drug use.