DGGE profiles (A and D) and UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages) tree of 16S rRNA gene fingerprints (B and E) of the sludge (S1) and soil (S2) enrichment cultures. Samples were taken after 2, 5, 7, and 10 enrichments for the free suspension (FS), gravel (GR), and chips (CH) enrichments. Pareto-Lorenz curves based on PCR-DGGE analysis of the final enrichments were also calculated (C and F).