Fig. 1.

Inhibition of S. aureus biofilm formation by K. kingae PAM extract. (A) Biofilm formation by S. aureus SH1000 in 96-well microtiter plate wells in the presence or absence of 10% PAM extract. Biofilms were stained with crystal violet. Duplicate wells are shown. (B) Biofilm formation by S. aureus in the presence of increasing concentrations of PAM extract. Biofilm biomass was quantitated by destaining the biofilm and measuring the absorbance of the crystal violet solution. Values show mean absorbance and range for duplicate wells. (C) Growth of S. aureus strain SH1000 in the presence or absence of 3% PAM extract. Growth was monitored by measuring the absorbance of the culture at 490 nm. Values show mean absorbance for duplicate tubes. Error bars were omitted for clarity. (D) Inhibition of S. aureus SH1000 biofilm formation by colony biofilm extracts prepared from four K. kingae clinical strains. Extracts were tested at a concentration of 10% by volume. Values show mean absorbance and range for duplicate wells.