padC (yveFG-padC) promoter DNA protection with PadR. Purified PadR was incubated with a 234-bp single-end-labeled padC promoter DNA probe. The reaction mixtures contained a 5′-[γ-32P]ATP-labeled coding strand (BSD1 primer) (A) or noncoding strand (BSD8 primer) (B) that was digested by DNase I. The reaction mixtures were run adjacent to corresponding DNA sequencing reaction mixtures (ACGT). (C) padC promoter coding strand sequence, with nt positions, +1 transcription start site, and −35 and −10 boxes for the padC promoter operon indicated, as well as the GTG start codon of yveFG (32). RBS, ribosome binding site. IR1, IR2, dIR1, and IR2bis are inverted repeat sequences for PadR.